影响踝泵运动依从性的多因素分析

A multifactor Logistic analysis study on the compliance of ankle pump exercise

目的了解下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)高风险病人踝泵运动(APM)依从性现状及探讨相关影响因素。方法2019年1月~2023年3月我院收治的下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的高风险病人302例。利用APM依从性量表、临床资料表、视觉模拟评分VAS法、家庭支持量表、自我效能感量表、焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表对研究对象进行评测,并对评测结果进行分析。结果302例DVT高风险病人中,APM依从171例,依从率为56.62%。单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄段、性别、文化程度、婚姻状态、家庭经济收入、工作状态、家庭支持度、医保类型、居住地、住院原因、合并疾病、疼痛程度、APM处方时间、自我效能感、心理状态的病人APM依从性比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic分析结果显示,合并疾病(≥2种)、疼痛(中度及以上)、处方时间(≥7天)是DVT高风险病人APM依从的风险因素(P<0.05),文化程度(大专及以上)、家庭支持(中度及以上)、自我效能(中等及以上)是APM依从的保护性因素(P<0.05)。结论合并疾病、疼痛程度、APM处方时间、文化程度、家庭支持度和病人自我效能感可影响下肢深静脉血栓高风险病人踝泵运动依从性,应予以重视和对症干预。

Objective To investigate the compliance status of ankle pump movement(APM)in high-risk patients with deep venous thrombosis(DVT)of the lower limbs and analysis the related influencing factors.Methods From January 2019 to March 2023,a total of 302 patients with high-risk lower limb DVT who admitted to our hospital were selected as the research objects.The APM compliance scale,clinical data sheet,visual analog scale(VAS),family support scale,self-efficacy scale,self-rating anxiety scale,and self-rating depression scale were used to evaluate the research subjects,and the evaluation results were analyzed.Results Among the 302 patients with high-risk DVT,171 patients had APM compliance,with a compliance rate of 56.62%.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in APM compliance among patients of different age groups,gender,education level,marital status,family economic income,work status,family support,medical insurance type,place of residence,reason for hospitalization,comorbidities,pain level,APM prescription time,self-efficacy,and psychological status(all P<0.05).The results of multivariate Logistic analysis showed that comorbidities(≥2 types),pain(moderate and above),and prescription time(≥7 d)were risk factors for APM compliance in DVT high-risk patients(all P<0.05),while education level(college or above),family support(moderate and above),and self-efficacy(moderate and above)were protective factors for APM compliance(all P<0.05).Conclusion The comorbidities,degree of pain,APM prescription time,educational level,family support,and patient self-efficacy can affect ankle pump compliance in high-risk patients with lower limb deep vein thrombosis,and should be given attention and targeted intervention.