低碱工艺组合药剂回收某铜矿中铜的试验研究

Experimental Study on Recovery of Copper from a Copper Ore by Low Alkali Process with Combined Reagent

某铜矿主要金属矿物是黄铜矿和黄铁矿,选矿工艺流程为原矿粗磨—铜硫混选后抛尾—混选精矿再磨后铜硫分离,由于铜硫混选采用的捕收剂丁基黄药捕收力较强、选择性较差,混选精矿采用高碱石灰工艺进行铜硫分离,存在石灰易结垢、固结、堵塞管道、用量不易控制、矿浆pH高以及不利于伴生金、银等贵金属的综合回收等缺点。针对原工艺流程存在的问题,根据矿石性质,在现场工艺流程基础上,采用选择性的铜捕收剂EP与少量丁基黄药组合作捕收剂,进行了低碱条件下浮选回收铜的试验研究。结果表明,采用EP+丁基黄药组合捕收剂的低碱工艺可有效回收某铜矿石中的铜矿物,闭路试验获得了含铜24.11%、含金5.30 g/t、含银62.05 g/t,铜回收率90.71%、金回收率62.94%、银回收率60.15%的铜精矿。与现场丁基黄药高碱工艺相比,新药剂低碱工艺铜精矿的铜品位和铜回收率相当,铜精矿中伴生金、银的品位分别提高了0.3 g/t、1.88 g/t,金、银回收率分别提高了4.68、2.81个百分点。

The main metal minerals in a copper ore are chalcopyrite and pyrite.The beneficiation process involves rough grinding of the raw ore,copper-sulfur bulk flotation and tailings disposal,and copper-sulfur separation of the bulk concentrate after regrinding.Due to the strong and poor selectivity of the collector butyl xanthate used in copper-sulfur bulk flotation,the high alkali lime process is used for copper-sulfur separation of the bulk concentrate,which has disadvantages such as easy scaling,solidification,blockage of pipelines,difficult in control of lime dosage,high slurry pH,and unfavorable comprehensive recovery of associated precious metals such as gold and silver.In response to the problems existing in the original processing flowsheet,based on the properties of the ore and the basis of the on-site processing flowsheet,a selective copper collector EP combined with a small amount of butyl xanthate was used as a collector to conduct flotation recovery of copper under low alkali conditions.The results showed that the low alkali process using EP+butyl xanthate combination collector can effectively recover copper minerals from the copper ore.The locked-cycle tests obtained a copper concentrate with copper content of 24.11%,gold content of 5.30 g/t,silver content of 62.05 g/t,copper recovery of 90.71%,gold recovery of 62.94%,silver recovery of 60.15%.Compared with the on-site butyl yellow medicine high alkali process,the copper grade and copper recovery of the new low alkali process copper concentrate were equivalent.The grades of associated gold and silver in the copper concentrate could be improved by O.3 g/t and 1.88 g/t respectively,and the gold and silver recovery have increased by 4.68 and 2.81 percentage points respectively.