医学伦理实践的道德情感进路

The Moral and Emotional Approach in Medical Ethics Practice

与理性相对应,情感尤其是道德情感在医学伦理中亦扮演着重要的角色。厘清道德情感在医学伦理实践中自觉性由低到高的四种重要方式:直觉型作用方式、联想型作用方式、理性型作用方式以及德性型作用方式,有助于缓解医患关系、减少医患纠纷、解决医学人文关怀的缺失、医学道德认识不足等医学伦理实践问题,为医学伦理实践提供相应的情感依据,进而形成医学伦理实践中的道德情感效应。尽管在实践过程中不可避免地会遇到一些问题,但仍然是缓解医患关系紧张现状、改善医学高新技术伦理危机、涵养人文精神、为医学发展保驾护航的有效进路。

Emotions,especially moral emotions,play a crucial role in medical ethics alongside rationality.Clarifying the four important ways in which moral emotions manifest in medical ethics practice,from low to high levels of awareness:intuitive,associative,rational,and moral approaches,can help alleviate doctor-patient disputes,solve medical ethics practice problems,address the lack of humanistic care in medicine,and remedy insufficient moral understanding in medical ethics practice.This provides corresponding emotional basis for medical ethics practice,leading to the formation of moral emotional effects in medical ethics practice.Although it is inevitable to encounter some problems in practice,it is still an effective way to alleviate the tense doctor-patient relationship,improve ethical crisis in advanced medical technologies,cultivate humanistic spirit,and safeguard the development of medicine.