国外乏燃料后处理厂临界事件研究与探讨

Research and Discussion on Critical Accidents in Foreign Spent Fuel Reprocessing Plant

随着国内外乏燃料后处理技术的不断发展,为核能的可持续发展奠定了坚实基础。同时,乏燃料后处理设施中在剪切、溶解、萃取、蒸发浓缩的各个环节都可能发生事故,尤其是临界安全问题更是不容忽视。近年来,国外一些乏燃料后处理厂发生的临界事故,给我们敲响了警钟。本文对国外后处理设施的事故进行了总结和分析,对导致临界事故的原因进行了深入研究和探讨,并给出了我国后处理在设计上、严格执行规程上的相关建议。

With the rapid development of spent fuel reprocessing technology at home and abroad,a solid foundation has been laid for the sustainable development of nuclear energy.At the same time,accidents may occur in various stages of spent fuel reprocessing plants,such as shearing,dissolving,extracting,evaporating and concentrating.Especially the critical safety problem can not be ignored due to its importance.In recent years,critical accidents in some foreign spent fuel reprocessing plants have sounded the alarm for us.This paper summarizes and analyzes the accidents in foreign reprocessing facilities,conducts in-depth research and discussion on the causes of critical accidents,and provides relevant suggestions on the design and strict implementation of procedures for spent fuel reprocessing in our country.