无人机追施氨基酸水溶肥对南方中稻产量及收益的影响

Topdressing Amino Acid Water-Soluble Fertilizer by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Increases the Yield and Profit of Mid-Season Rice in Southern China

为筛选适用于无人机平台的水稻追肥种类,在江西省彭泽县以清水、液体尿素和氨基酸水溶肥进行无人机追肥试验,考察3个处理对水稻叶片SPAD值、产量及收益的影响。结果表明:各处理水稻叶片的SPAD值均随着时间的增加呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,且追施液体尿素和氨基酸水溶肥的SPAD值均高于追施清水处理;与追施清水处理相比,追施液体尿素和氨基酸水溶肥的水稻产量分别增加了2.1%~5.2%和7.0%~8.6%,且主要是通过提高穗数和结实率来实现水稻增产;追施氨基酸水溶肥处理的水稻产量比追施液体尿素处理高3.3%~4.8%;追施氨基酸水溶肥的利润显著高于追施清水和液体尿素,而后两者的利润无显著差异。因此,南方中稻区可采用无人机追施氨基酸水溶肥以实现水稻增产增收。

Field experiments were carried out to screen out the fertilizers suitable for topdressing of rice by unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)in Pengze County of Jiangxi Province.Three treatments were designed,including water(T1),liquid urea(T2),and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer(T3).The SPAD value of flag leaf,rice yield,and profit in each treatment were analyzed.The results showed that the SPAD value of flag leaf in each treatment presented a trend of first increasing and then decreasing over time,and it was higher in T2 and T3 than in T1.Compared with T1,T2 and T3 increased the rice yield by 2.1%-5.2%and 7.0%-8.6%,respectively,which was mainly achieved by increasing the panicle number and seed setting rate.The rice yield in T3 was 3.3%-4.8%higher than that in T2.Furthermore,T3 had higher profit than T1 and T2,and the latter two had no significant difference in profit.Therefore,topdressing of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer by UAVs can be adopted to increase the yield and profit of mid-season rice in southern China.