改性粘土对浒苔配子的高效去除作用及其抑制机理研究

MECHANISM OF MODIFIED CLAY ON EFFECTIVE INHIBITIION AND REMOVAL OF ULVA PROLIFERA GAMETES

微观繁殖体被视为浒苔绿潮暴发的“种源”,使用改性粘土对微观繁殖体进行有效去除是绿潮早期防控的潜在方法之一。以浒苔配子为实验对象,筛选了高效去除且有效抑制残留配子的改性粘土配方,分别从絮凝作用、生理生化等角度研究了该配方高效去除与抑制残留配子萌发的机理。结果表明,在相同浓度下十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性粘土(MCⅢ)对配子的去除和抑制效果均优于其他类型的改性粘土。其中,0.05 g/L MCⅢ对配子的去除率可达99.4%,对体系残留配子的萌发率低于5%;且MCⅢ对配子的去除和抑制效果随改性粘土用量的增加而增强。进一步的机理分析表明,MCⅢ通过破坏配子的细胞膜可对其进行有效灭杀,同时通过电中和作用增强絮凝沉降,实现对配子的高效去除;通过氧化胁迫降低残留配子的生理活性,进而抑制已固着细胞的增殖,从而有效降低萌发率。以上研究结果表明,MCⅢ可以高效去除并抑制浒苔配子的萌发。该研究结果将为浒苔绿潮的早期防控提供科学依据。

Micropropagules are regarded as the“seed”of green tide.Using modified clay to remove micropropagules is one of the potential methods for early control of green tide.Taking Ulva gametes as the experimental object,modified clay was tested,and the mechanism of modified clay was studied in terms of flocculation,physiology,and biochemistry.Results show the residual gametes were inhibited and removed effectively by the MCⅢclay(that modified with hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide).The removal efficiency of gametes under 0.05 g/L concentration of MCⅢreached 99.4%,and the germination rate of residual gametes was lower than 5%.Besides,the inhibition and removal efficiency were increased with the increase in MCⅢconcentration.Furthermore,analysis on the mechanism showed that MCⅢcould effectively remove gametes by destroying the cell membrane of gametes,and then enhance the removal effect by electroneutralization.The oxidative stress due to MCⅢpresence inhibited the physiological activity of the residual gametes,and thus slowed down the division and differentiation of the fixed gametes,resulting in slow growth and poor development of the germinated seedlings.Therefore,MCⅢcan effectively remove and inhibit gametes.This study provided a scientific basis for early control and effective elimination of green tide.