石墨烯-聚苯乙烯复合材料的制备及阻燃性能研究

Preparation and flame retardant properties ofgraphene polystyrene composite materials

采用溶液共混法制备了石墨烯-聚苯乙烯复合材料,通过XRD、SEM、FT-IR、力学性能测试、热失重分析、导热系数及THR分析等手段,研究了复合材料中氧化石墨烯(GO)的质量分数对复合材料物相结构、微观形貌、力学性能、热性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,聚苯乙烯吸附在GO表面,GO与聚苯乙烯复合后增大了表面粗糙度,复合后没有改变聚合物的链结构。适量GO的掺杂改善了石墨烯-聚苯乙烯复合材料的力学性能,PG-6%的复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂延伸率、弹性模量均达到最大值,分别为38.8 MPa、10.37%和1505 MPa,相比纯PS分别提高了26.38%、8.06%和31.90%。复合材料的导热系数和热扩散系数均随GO占比的增大而先增大后降低,PG-6%复合材料的导热系数和热扩散系数达到最大值,分别为0.170 W/(m·K)和0.171 mm^(2)/s。适量GO的添加改善了复合材料的阻燃性能,使点燃难度增加,放热率降低,PG-6%的复合材料的阻燃性能最优,FPI最高为0.386。

Graphene polystyrene composite materials were prepared by solution blending method.The effects of the mass fraction of graphene oxide(GO)in the composite materials on the phase structure,microstructure,mechanical properties,thermal properties and flame retardancy were studied through XRD,SEM,FT-IR,mechanical properties testing,thermal loss analysis,thermal conductivity and THR analysis.The results showed that polystyrene was adsorbed on the surface of GO,and the surface roughness was increased after the composite of GO and polystyrene,without changing the chain structure of the polymer after the composite.The moderate doping of GO improved the mechanical properties of graphene polystyrene composite materials.The tensile strength,fracture elongation and elastic modulus of PG-6%composite materials reached their maximum values,which were 38.8 MPa,10.37%and 1505 MPa,respectively.Compared with pure PS,they increased by 26.38%,8.06%and 31.90%,respectively.The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusion coefficient of composite materials first increased and then decreased with the increase of GO proportion.The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusion coefficient of PG-6%composite material reached their maximum values,which were 0.170 W/(m·K)and 0.171 mm^(2)/s,respectively.The addition of appropriate amount of GO improved the flame retardant performance of the composite material,increasing the difficulty of ignition and reducing the heat release rate.The PG-6%composite material had the best flame retardant performance,with a maximum FPI of 0.386.