高温胁迫对克氏原螯虾生长指标的影响

Effects of high temperature stress on growth indices of Procambarus clarkii

试验旨在研究高温胁迫对克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)生长性能的影响,确定克氏原螯虾生长适宜的温度。试验选择450尾体重约为10 g、健康的克氏原螯虾,按照单因素设计,均分为5个处理组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。各组克氏原螯虾的饲养温度分别设置为25℃(对照组)、28℃(试验1组)、31℃(试验2组)、34℃(试验3组)、37℃(试验4组)。饲养30 d后,试验结束时检测各组克氏原螯虾的生长性能。结果显示,当温度为28℃时,克氏原螯虾的试验末重、增重率、特定生长率和成活率达到最大值,显著优于25℃、31℃、34℃和37℃时的养殖效果(P<0.05)。25℃和31℃时克氏原螯虾的试验末重优于37℃(P<0.05)。25℃和31℃时克氏原螯虾的增重率和特定生长率优于34℃和37℃(P<0.05)。37℃时克氏原螯虾的成活率最低,为85.5%。28℃时克氏原螯虾的饲料系数最低,显著低于其他温度组(P<0.05)。研究表明,在高温胁迫下,克氏原螯虾的生长性能及成活率受到抑制,当温度为28℃时,克氏原螯虾的生长性能及成活率达到最优状态。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of high temperature stress on the growth performance of Procambarus clarkii,and to determine the appropriate temperature for growth of Procambarus clarkii.A total of 450 healthy Procambarus clarkii with a body weight of about 10 g were selected and divided into 5 treatment groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate according to a single-factor design.Feeding temperatures of Procambarus clarkii in each group were set at 25℃(control group),28℃(test group 1),31℃(test group 2),34℃(test group 3)and 37℃(test group 4),respectively.After feeding for 30 days,the growth performance of each group was measured at the end of the experiment.The results showed that when the temperature was 28℃,the final weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate and survival rate of Procambarus clarkii reached the maximum value,which was significantly better than that at 25℃,31℃,34℃and 37℃(P<0.05).The final weight of Procambarus clarkii at 25℃and 31℃was higher than that at 37℃(P<0.05).The weight gain rate and specific growth rate of Procambarus clarkii at 25℃and 31℃were better than those at 34℃and 37℃(P<0.05).The survival rate was the lowest at 37℃(85.5%).The feed coefficient of Procambarus clarkii was the lowest at 28℃,which was significantly lower than that in other temperature groups(P<0.05).The results showed that the growth performance and survival rate of Procambarus clarkii were inhibited under high temperature stress.When the temperature was 28℃,the growth performance and survival rate of Procambarus clarkii reached the best state.