保乳手术和改良根治性手术治疗乳腺癌的对比研究

Comparative Study on the Treatment of Breast Cancer with Breast-Conserving Surgery and Modified Radical Mastectomy

目的探究保乳手术和改良根治性手术治疗乳腺癌的疗效。方法选取2021年5月至2023年5月收入的98例乳腺癌手术患者,按照手术方式不同分为两组,每组各49例,对照组开展改良根治性手术,观察组开展保乳手术,对比两组手术疗效。结果观察组切口长度、手术时间及住院时间均短于对照组,术中失血量、术后引流量少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后6个月观察组美学评分中表面平整度、乳房对称性、乳头移动距离、切口瘢痕、皮肤色泽及皮肤效果评分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后观察组皮质醇、超氧化物歧化酶水平、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-8水平低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症发生率(4.08%)低于对照组(18.37%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术后复发及转移率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论保乳手术应用于乳腺癌患者中效果显著,能减少患者乳腺组织的损伤,利于患者术后康复,减轻术后炎症因子水平,保证术后美学效果,降低术后并发症发生率,值得应用。

Objective To explore the efficacy of breast-conserving surgery and modified radical mastectomy in the treatment of breast cancer.Methods 98 patients with breast cancer who were admitted from May 2021 to May 2023 were selected.They were divided into two groups according to different surgical methods,with 49 cases in each group.The control group underwent modified radical mastectomy,and the observation group underwent breast-conserving surgery.The surgical efficacy of the two groups was compared.Results The incision length,operation time,and hospital stay of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group,and the intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage were less than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Six months after surgery,the aesthetic scores of the observation group in terms of surface smoothness,breast symmetry,nipple movement distance,incision scar,skin color,and skin effect were all higher than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).After surgery,the levels of cortisol,superoxide dismutase,interleukin-6,and interleukin-8 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group(4.08%)was lower than that in the control group(18.37%),with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There was no statistical significance in the comparison of postoperative recurrence and metastasis rate between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The application of breast-conserving surgery in patients with breast cancer has significant effects.It can reduce the damage to the breast tissue of patients,facilitate the recovery of patients after surgery,reduce the level of postoperative inflammatory factors,ensure the aesthetic effect after surgery,and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.It is worth applying.