猴耳环提取物对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、抗氧化能力及肉品质的影响

Effects of Pithecellobium clypearia Extract on Growth Performance,Slaughter Perfor⁃mance,Antioxidant Capacity and Meat Quality of Yellow-feather Broiler

为探究猴耳环提取物对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、抗氧化能力和肉品质等的影响,试验将240只1日龄黄羽雏公鸡随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只雏鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5、1.0和2.0 g/kg猴耳环提取物,试验期为70 d。分别于20、40和70日龄采集各组血清、肝脏等组织,测定抗氧化等指标,并于70日龄测定各组生产性能、屠宰性能和肌肉品质。结果显示:(1)饲粮添加猴耳环提取物对黄羽肉鸡的生产性能和屠宰性能无显著影响(P>0.05),但2.0 g/kg猴耳环提取物组黄羽肉鸡皮肤b*45 min黄度值显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(2)70日龄各试验组胸肌亚油酸含量以及腿肌肌苷酸含量与对照组相比显著升高(P<0.05),与饲粮中猴耳环提取物添加水平呈线性相关(P<0.05)和二次曲线相关(P<0.05),并且2.0 g/kg猴耳环提取物组胸肌中粗脂肪含量也显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(3)与对照组相比,0.5 g/kg、1.0 g/kg和2.0 g/kg猴耳环提取物组70日龄黄羽肉鸡的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著升高(P<0.05),呈线性相关(P<0.05)和二次曲线相关(P<0.05),且0.5 g/kg和1.0 g/kg猴耳环提取物组肝脏中与抗应激相关的热休克蛋白70(HSP70)和热休克蛋白90(HSP90)的基因表达水平也显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加0.5~2.0 g/kg猴耳环提取物可显著提高黄羽肉鸡的总抗氧化能力,并显著提高腿肌肌苷酸和胸肌亚油酸等不饱和脂肪酸含量,提升肉品质;综合抗氧化能力、腿肌肌苷酸和胸肌亚油酸含量,本试验条件下黄羽肉鸡饲粮中猴耳环提取物的适宜添加水平为1.3~1.6 g/kg。

To study the effects of Pithecellobium clypearia extract on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quali-ty,as well as the antioxidant performance of yellowe-feather broilers,a total of 2401-day-age yellow-feather male broilers were randomly divided into four groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 broilers in each replicate.Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet,and the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.5 g/kg,1.0 g/kg and 2.0 g/kg Pithecellobium clypearia extract,respectively,and the full trial period was 70 days.The serum and liver samples were collected for further test at 20,40 and 70 days of age,respectively.Besides,the growth and slaughter performance as well as meat quality were also tested at 70 days of age.The results showed as follows:①Adding Pithecellobium clypearia extract to diet had no signifi-cant effects on the growth and slaughter performance for yellow-feather broilers(P>0.05),however,the b*45 min yellowness value of skin in 2.0 g/kg Pithecellobium clypearia extract group was increased significantly compared to the control group(P<0.05).②The content of linoleic acid in breast muscle and oleic acid in leg muscle was increased significantly in three experimental groups at 70 days of age(P<0.05),and the relationship was linear and quadratic with the increase of Pithecellobium clypearia extract dose in diet(P<0.05).Besides,the content of crude fat in breast muscle was also increased significantly in 2.0 g/kg Pithecellobium clypear-ia extract group at 70 days of age(P<0.05).③In addition,the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in 0.5 g/kg,1.0 g/kg and 2.0 g/kg Pithecellobium clypearia extract group were increased significantly compared to the control group at 70 days of age(P<0.05),and the relationship was linear and quadratic with the increase of dose in diet(P<0.05).Moreover,the mRNA expression level of HSP70 and HSP90 in liver were also increased significantly in 0.5 g/kg Pithecellobium clypearia extract group and 1.0 g/kg Pithe-cellobium clypearia extract group at 70 days of age(P<0.05).The results indicated that,dietary supplementation of 0.5 to 2.0 g/kg Pithecellobium clypearia extract could improve the antioxidant and anti-stress capacity,increase the content of unsaturated fatty acid in pectoral as well as the content of inosinic acid in leg muscle to improve the meat quality for yellow-feather broilers.Based on antioxidant capacity,the content of inosinic acid in leg muscle and linoleic acid in breast muscle,the optimal dietary supple-mentation level of Pithecellobium clypearia extract for yellow-feather broiler was 1.3 to 1.6 g/kg.