新时代植物园专类园的规划设计——以上海植物园藤蔓园为例

On the Design of Specialized Garden in the New Era:Using the Vine Garden of Shanghai Botanical Garden as an Example

植物园专类园是以同属性的植物类群为主要元素,具备优良景观效果及引种收集、科学研究、资源利用等功能价值的专类植物栽培展示区域,不仅承担着植物园植物种质资源收集保存和生物多样性保护等重要任务,还在科学研究的基础上为公众提供了游憩观赏、科学传播等社会服务。当前,随着国内国家植物园体系建设的稳步推进,国家对植物园的功能定位和发展方向提出了更高要求。打造一个好的植物专类园要汇聚更多科研力量和科技资源的支持,服务好就地和迁地保护植物的同时,着重在景观功能提升、园林空间优化、资源利用创新等方面开展探索,展现出丰富的植物文化内涵和社会功能价值。以上海植物园藤蔓园的规划设计为例,从设计背景、设计定位与思路、设计原则、设计分析等方面重点阐述,为城市空间的绿化发展提供相关参考依据,希望在同类植物园专类园的规划设计发展方面具有一定借鉴意义。

The specially Botanical Garden is an exhibition area that strives to cultivate certain plants or plant groups that share the same or similar attributes.The landscape effects of specialty gardens are beautiful while maintaining functional values such as the introduction of new plants,addition to existing collections,scientifi c research,and resource utilization of plants not commonly known.They not only undertake vital tasks such as protecting plant germplasm resources and biodiversity,but also provide social services such as recreation,viewing opportunities,and interpretive information for the public about ongoing scientifi c research.In tandem with the steady development,construction,and evolution of China's National Botanical Garden system,there are higher requirements for the functional positioning and developmental direction of botanical gardens.To create and support an excellent botanical garden,it is necessary to gather more scientifi c research and technological resources.It is also essential to improve landscape functions,optimize garden spaces,demonstrate innovative resource utilization,showcase cultural plant connotations and diversity,and strengthen social values.At the same time,it provides measurable services for in situ and ex situ protection of plants.This article takes the planning and design of the Vine Garden in Shanghai Botanical Garden as an example,focusing on the design background,positioning,ideas,principles,and analysis.It provides a relevant reference for the green development of urban spaces and signifi cant resources for the planning,design,and development of specialized botanical gardens.