微生物-肠-脑轴在脓毒症相关性脑病中的研究进展

The research progress of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in sepsis-associated encephalopathy

脓毒症具有高发病率和高病死率的特点,仍是现代医学面临的重大临床挑战。脓毒症会引发多种并发症,包括急性呼吸窘迫综合征、肝肾功能损伤、脑功能障碍等。脑功能障碍是脓毒症主要并发症之一,被称为脓毒症相关性脑病(sepsis-associated encephalopathy,SAE),其临床表现主要包括精神错乱、昏迷、癫痫发作和局灶性神经体征等。SAE不仅可导致短期可逆性中枢神经系统功能障碍,还能对患者长期预后产生不利影响。目前SAE的确切发病机制尚不明确,但随着研究的深入,微生物-肠-脑轴(microbiota-gut-brain axis,MGBA)在SAE的发生、发展及转归中引起越来越多关注。本研究就MGBA在SAE中的作用及其研究进展作一综述。

Sepsis is one of the primary causes of high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide,and remains a significant clinical challenge in modern medicine.Sepsis can lead to various complications,including acute respiratory distress syndrome,hepatic and renal dysfunction,and neurological impairment.Neurological impairment,known as sepsis-associated encephalopathy(SAE),is a major complication of sepsis.The clinical manifestations of SAE include delirium,coma,seizures and focal neurological signs.SAE can cause short-term reversible central nervous system dysfunction and may also adversely affect patients′long-term prognosis.Currently,the exact pathogenesis of SAE remains unclear.However,with ongoing research,the role of the"microbiota-gut-brain axis"(MGBA)in the occurrence,development and outcome of SAE has garnered increasing attention.This review aims to summarize the role and research progress of the MGBA in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.