铜死亡及其在乳腺癌中的作用研究进展

Research progress of cuproptosis and its role in breast cancer

铜是生物体必需的微量营养素,它不仅是氧化还原反应中重要的催化辅因子,还是许多重要酶的基本结构成分;除此之外,铜离子还被发现在多种恶性肿瘤中升高,发挥促进肿瘤进展的作用。铜死亡是通过铜离子与线粒体呼吸过程三羧酸循环中的脂酰化蛋白质结合,引起该蛋白质聚集,进而使得铁硫簇蛋白簇表达下调,诱发蛋白质毒性应激并最终导致细胞死亡的一种新的调节性细胞死亡方式。而与铜死亡相关的基因可以在乳腺癌的诊断和治疗中起到预测预后和成为新的治疗靶点的作用,本文针对铜死亡及其在乳腺癌中的研究进展作一综述。

Copper is an essential micronutrient for organisms.It serves as an important catalytic cofactor in redox reactions and is the basic structural component of many crucial enzymes.Additionally,elevated copper ions have been observed in various malignant tumors,where they play a role in promoting tumor progression.Cuproptosis is a newly identified regulatory cell death mechanism that occurs when copper ions bind to fatty acylated proteins in the tricarboxylic acid cycle during mitochondrial respiration.This binding leads to protein aggregation,down-regulation of iron-sulfur tuftin expression,and induction of protein toxic stress,ultimately resulting in cell death.Genes associated with cuproptosis may aid in predicting prognosis and serve as a new therapeutic target in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.This article reviews the progress of cuproptosis and its role in breast cancer.