食源性致病菌交叉污染风险的数学模拟及精准防控策略研究进展

Research Progress in Mathematical Simulation and Precise Prevention and Control Strategies for CrossContamination Risk of Foodborne Pathogens

食源性致病菌交叉污染是食品加工生产、贮藏运输、家庭消费等环节中广泛存在的一种现象,被视为导致食源性疾病暴发的重要原因之一。运用数学模型模拟食源性致病菌在不同食品媒介中的转移情况,能够帮助人们理解食源性致病菌交叉污染的传播规律。进一步将交叉污染模型与微生物风险评估相结合,明确交叉污染发生的关键环节,并配合一系列新型的抗菌涂层设计,将能有效地预防和控制交叉污染的发生。因此,本文首先综述了食品工业及家庭生活中致病菌交叉污染导致的食品安全问题,并详细地概述食源性致病菌交叉污染数学建模的最新研究进展,最后通过全局控制和源头控制两个层面,分别阐述了微生物风险评估与危害分析与关键控制点相结合和抗菌涂层在食源性致病菌交叉污染防控中的应用,并对交叉污染未来的研究方案和控制策略提出了展望。

Cross-contamination of foodborne pathogenic bacteria is a widespread phenomenon in food processing and production,storage and transportation,and household consumption.It is regarded as one of the important causes of foodborne disease outbreaks.Using mathematical models to simulate the transfer of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in different food media enhances our understanding of the pattern of transmission of the pathogens through crosscontamination.Determining the key links in the microbial cross-contamination by combined use of cross-contamination modelling with microbiological risk assessment and designing novel antimicrobial coatings will effectively prevent and control the occurrence of microbial cross-contamination.Therefore,this article reviews the food safety problems caused by cross-contamination of pathogenic bacteria in the food industry and household settings,and provides a detailed overview of the latest progress in mathematical modelling of cross-contamination of foodborne pathogenic bacteria,and describes the application of microbial risk assessment combined with hazard analysis and critical control point(MRA-HACCP)and antimicrobial coatings in the prevention and control of cross-contamination of foodborne pathogenic bacteria from the perspectives of both global control and source control.It concludes with an outlook on future research and control strategies for foodborne pathogen cross-contamination.