场景与银幕之间:早期罗马尼亚电影与重新发现“消失的”女性电影先驱

Between the Scene and the Silver Screen:Early Romanian Cinema and the Rediscovery of the‘Lost’Woman Film Pioneer

虽然具有创新精神的女性人物对一些早期电影的制作与放映有所贡献,但很少有女性的名字出现在巴尔干电影史中。原始档案与当时的报刊重现了罗马尼亚女性戏剧导演兼演员马里奥拉·沃伊库列斯库的电影制作活动,沃伊库列斯库的明星形象和戏剧经验对里昂·M.波佩斯库艺术电影公司早期故事片的制作产生了重要影响。沃伊库列斯库一生成就斐然,有丰富多彩的舞台生涯,并在1912年成立了自己的剧团,在早期电影的制作中发挥了关键作用。以沃伊库列斯库对罗马尼亚早期电影的贡献为切入点,可以充分阐释罗马尼亚社会现代化进程中女性在大众文化中所占据的空间和扮演的角色。

Although some significant contributions to early filmmaking production and exhibition involve strong entrepreneurial female figures,very few women’snames appear in the histories of Balkan cinemas.Based on original archival research and press of the time,this article foregrounds the filmmaking activities of the Romanian theatre director and actress Marioara Voiculescu(1885–1976)and the role of her star persona and theatrical experience in the making of early fiction films produced by Leon M.Popescu’s Filmul de Artăcompany.Voiculescu achieved considerable success during her lifetime,a prolific stage career,founding her own theatre company in 1912,and playing a key role in the production of early films in 1913,yet she has received scant attention in film scholarship thus far.By shifting the focus to Voiculescu’s contribution to early cinema in Romania,I reflect more broadly on the spaces and roles that women occupied in popular culture within the ongoing process of modernisation of Romanian society.