20世纪60年代的罗马尼亚电影:社会主义现代性与电影现代主义

Romanian Cinema in the 1960s:Socialist Modernity vs.Cinematic Modernism

就20世纪60年代上映的罗马尼亚剧情电影而言,它们最重要的特征之一是强调休闲和适度消费,热衷于工业化和城市化,并反映出一个能给公民带来体面生活条件的社会主义社会。简言之,它们强调了社会主义现代性的多个方面。事实上,对于社会主义罗马尼亚而言,20世纪60年代是一个繁荣且对西方影响相对开放的时期,西方的现代电影就是此类影响之一。20世纪60年代的罗马尼亚现代电影自带价值冲突。西方电影反映出西方现代化项目中存在的普遍焦虑,而罗马尼亚现代电影在这种焦虑情绪的影响下呈现出模棱两可且自我批判的社会主义现代性。在某些情况下,这种社会主义现代性会受到罗马尼亚电影官员和国家政要的严厉制裁。

One of the most important traits of Romanian fiction films released during the 1960s is their emphasis on leisure and moderate consumption,their enthusiasm for industrialization and urbanization,their reflection of a socialist society which gives its citizens the opportunity to have a decent standard of living—in brief,an emphasis on the many facets of socialist modernity.The 1960s are,indeed,for socialist Romania a period characterized by prosperity and a relative openness towards Western influences.One such influence is that of Western modern cinema.This paper reflects upon the clash of values inherent in Romanian modern cinema of the 1960s;infused by anxieties prevalent in the other,Western modernization project,as they were reflected in Western cinema,Romanian modern films present an ambiguous and self-critical version of socialist modernity,which in some cases was harshly sanctioned by Romanian film officials and state apparatchiks.