循环水养殖系统中二氧化碳对鱼类的影响及去除方法

Effects and solutions of carbon dioxide onfish in recirculating aquaculture systems

2020年农业农村部启动实施水产绿色健康养殖技术推广“五大行动”,旨在利用时下前沿技术指导养殖活动,在新式的循环水养殖系统中随着养殖产量的上升,二氧化碳对鱼类的影响被人们所关注。当前对于二氧化碳在循环水中的流转缺乏系统性整理,循环水系统有处理二氧化碳的必要且处理方法尚需改进。因此,本研究通过汇总整理国内外文献,概述了目前发展趋势与主要创新性成果。具体包括:探讨二氧化碳与碱度、pH、二氧化碳分压的关系,需要进一步探究多参数在昼夜中的协同作用;关注二氧化碳导致的高碳酸血症和肾钙化等问题,未来需要深入研究长期暴露对鱼体生长和健康状况的影响,通过添加化学试剂、改善曝气方式、筛选优质处理生物来降低二氧化碳在循环水养殖系统中的含量,需要设计新式反应器以提高固定效率。本研究为循环水养殖中的二氧化碳积累有效去除提供解决办法和理论依据。

In 2020,the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs initiated the implementation of the "Five Major Actions" for promoting green and healthy aquaculture technologies,aiming to utilize cutting-edge technologies to guide aquaculture activities.In the new recirculating aquaculture system,with the increase of aquaculture production,the effect of carbon dioxide on fish has been concerned.At present,the circulation of carbon dioxide in recirculating aquaculture systems lacks systematic arrangement,and the recirculating aquaculture systems has the necessary treatment of carbon dioxide and the treatment method needs to be improved.Therefore,this study summarizes the current development trend and main innovative achievements by summarizing the domestic and foreign literature.Specifically,it includes :gradually establishing awareness of carbon dioxide sources and balance systems;exploring the relationship between carbon dioxide and alkalinity,pH,carbon dioxide partial pressure,and the need to further explore the synergistic effect of multiple parameters in the day and night;summarizing multiple diseases induced by carbon dioxide,focusing on the problems of hypercapnia and renal calcification caused by carbon dioxide,reducing potential stress caused by carbon dioxide accumulation through physical,chemical and biological regulation measures,thereby mitigating the harm of carbon dioxide to fish.it is necessary to further study the effects of long-term exposure on fish growth and health in the future.By adding chemical reagents,improving aeration methods,and screening high-quality treatment organisms to reduce the content of carbon dioxide in the recirculating aquaculture system,it is necessary to design new reactors to improve the fixation efficiency.This study provides solutions and theoretical basis for effectively removing accumulated carbon dioxide in recirculating aquaculture.