北京地区血液净化专科护士护理实践现状调查

Nursing practice among specialty nurses in blood purification in Beijing

目的调查北京地区血液净化专科护士护理实践现状。方法2022年8月10日—9月10日,采用便利抽样法,选取北京地区362名血液净化专科护士作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、血液净化专科护士护理实践调查问卷对其进行调查。结果共收回有效问卷359份,有效问卷回收率为99.2%。临床护理实践方面,359名血液净化专科护士参与度最高的是对血液净化患者进行饮食和营养指导[328名(91.4%)]、对患者进行饮食与营养状态评估[279名(77.7%)],血液净化专科门诊出诊和参加院外血液净化相关会诊者较少,分别占3.3%(12/359)和2.8%(10/359);39.8%~46.2%的血液净化专科护士承担学生/在职人员的理论教学/临床带教任务;在护理科研实践方面,近3年以第一作者或通信作者身份发表论文[99名(27.6%)]、参与护理科研课题[68名(18.9%)]、获得发明专利或实用新型专利[49名(13.6%)]人数位居前3位。结论北京地区血液净化专科护士在多方面发挥了专科护士的作用,但在门诊出诊、参与会诊等体现专科护士角色价值的临床实践及护理科研实践等方面还有较大提升空间。

Objective To investigate the current status of nursing practices among blood purification specialty nurses in Beijing.Methods A total of 362 blood purification specialty nurses in Beijing were selected as survey participants through convenience sampling from August 10th to September 10th,2022.General information questionnaire and nursing practice survey questionnaire designed for specialty nurses in blood purification were used for investigation.Results A total of 359 valid questionnaires were collected,with a recovery rate of 99.2%.In terms of clinical nursing practices,the highest participation among the participants was in providing dietary and nutritional guidance to hemodialysis patients[328(91.4%)]and evaluating patients’dietary and nutritional status[279(77.7%)].The least participation was in outpatient blood purification clinics and participation in external blood purification nursing consultations,accounting for 3.3%(12/359)and 2.8%(10/359)respectively.About 39.8%to 46.2%of blood purification specialty nurses were responsible for theoretical teaching and clinical supervision tasks for students/on-the-job personnel.In terms of scientific research practices,publishing papers as the first author or corresponding author[99(27.6%)],participating in nursing research projects[68(18.9%)],and obtaining invention patents or utility model patents[49(13.6%)]in the past three years ranked among the top three.Conclusion Blood purification specialty nurses in Beijing have demonstrated their value in multiple aspects,though there is still much room for improvement in areas that reflect the role and value of specialty nurses,such as outpatient services,participation in consultations,as well as nursing research practices.