基于安德森模型的城市中老年人隔代抚养培训需求影响因素

Influencing factors on grandparenting training demands of urban middle-aged and older adults based on Anderson model

目的探讨城市中老年人隔代抚养培训需求状况及影响因素。方法通过方便抽样法,在山东省济南市某社区招募中老年人。基于安德森模型,运用χ2检验和二分类Logistic回归分析探讨各层次因素对中老年人隔代抚养培训需求的影响。结果70.7%的中老年人有隔代抚养培训需求,倾向因素中以往居住地在城镇(OR=2.403,95%CI:1.016~5.682)、使能因素中以往社区经常提供隔代抚养资源(OR=2.112,95%CI:1.215~3.671)及需求因素中因隔代抚养偶尔与子女发生冲突(OR=6.250,95%CI:1.543~17.866)、无抑郁症状(OR=0.557,95%CI:0.319~0.972)的中老年人隔代抚养培训需求更高。结论倾向因素、使能因素和需求因素均会不同程度地影响中老年人隔代抚养培训需求,积极开展隔代抚养培训具有重要的社会价值和意义。除了关注有隔代抚养培训需求中老年人外,社会也应关注那些没有隔代抚养培训需求中老年人的心理健康状况。

Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of grandparenting training demands among urban middle-aged and older adults.Methods Participants were recruited from community in Jinan,Shandong Province,China,using convenience sampling.Based on the Anderson model,χ2 test and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the effects of various factors on the grandparenting training demands among middle-aged and older adults.Results Seventy point seven percent of the participants had demands for training in grandparenting,in which a propensity factor of previous residence in town(OR=2.403,95%CI:1.016-5.682),an enabling factor of previous frequent availability of grandparenting resources in the community(OR=2.112,95%CI:1.215-3.671),and demand factors of occasional conflict with children due to grandparenting(OR=6.250,95%CI:1.543-17.866),and without depressive symptoms(OR=0.557,95%CI:0.319-0.972)were domimnt.Conclusion Propensity factors,enabling factors and demand factors all have different degrees of influence on the demands of grandparenting training for the middle-aged and older adults.It is of great social value and significance to actively carry out grandparenting training.In addition to paying attention to the middle-aged and older adults with grandparenting training demands,society should also pay attention to the mental health status of those without grandparenting training demands.