论我国金融监管职能配置的法律困境与制度优化

On the Legal Dilemma and System Optimization of Financial Supervision Function Allocation in China

金融监管职能配置是金融监管制度的重要内容,是实现有效金融监管的基本前提。在新金融监管体制条件下,金融监管职能配置发生了重大变化,我国现行金融立法存在职能配置法律依据有待进一步加强、职能配置内容应进一步明确、职能配置协调合作效果有待增强等问题,需要进行制度优化。基于系统观念分析框架,以新时代中国特色社会主义条件下金融监管模式为监管职能配置的基本逻辑,明确监管职能配置遵循的合法性、能力性、协作性三要素,系统提升法律制度的监管能力,提高监管协作效率。在制度内容方面,从统筹监管、审慎监管、行为监管等监管范畴出发,通过在金融法律中明确各监管机构的职能定位,对监管职能配置进行系统的制度优化,对地方中小金融机构风险处置采取“特别立法授权+央地处置职能协同”模式,实现金融风险有效治理。

The function allocation of financial supervision is the important content of financial supervision system and the basic premise of realizing effective financial supervision.Under the new financial supervision system,great changes have taken place in the allocation of financial supervision functions in China.In our country̓s current financial legislation,the legal basis of function allocation needs to be further strengthened,the content of function allocation should be further clarified,the coordination and cooperation effect of function allocation needs to be enhanced,and the system needs to be optimized.Based on the system concept analysis framework,the Chinese-style financial supervision model under the leadership of the Party is taken as the basic logic of the allocation of regulatory functions,and three elements followed by the allocation of regulatory functions,such as legality,capability and cooperation,are clarified,so as to systematically improve the ability of the legal system and improve the efficiency of regulatory cooperation.In terms of system,starting from the supervision areas such as overall supervision,prudential supervision,and behavioral supervision,by clarifying the functional positioning of various regulatory agencies in financial laws,the allocation of regulatory functions is systematically optimized,and the risk disposal mode of local small and medium-sized financial institutions is adopted“special legislative authorization+coordination of central and local disposal functions”to achieve effective management of financial risks.