经济相互依赖武器化与美国主导权护持战略

Weaponized Economic Interdependence and the Maintenance Strategy of US Domi⁃nance

经济相互依赖武器化是近年来学界和政策界关注的重要议题。经济相互依赖武器化是指在网络化相互依赖背景下发起国以压制或损害目标国为目的而行使网络性权力的过程。既有研究主要将经济相互依赖武器化机制聚焦于全景效应和阻断效应,对武器化机制的设定过于单一且解释力不足。从社会网络理论出发,作者分析了网络化相互依赖的形成过程与网络性权力的生成过程,将经济相互依赖网络中的主导国作为研究对象,聚焦于主导国实施经济相互依赖武器化的机制研究议题。主导国的核心目标是护持其网络主导权,而经济相互依赖武器化是主导权护持的重要工具。主导国实施经济相互依赖武器化的三种机制分别是锁定、排除和阻断,威胁认知与目标国中心性是影响主导国武器化机制选择的两个核心变量。通过考察美国护持网络主导权的战略选择,作者具体分析了美国在金融领域对部分东亚国家以及在能源领域对俄罗斯和伊朗采用的不同的经济相互依赖武器化机制。美国实施经济相互依赖武器化在一定程度上维护了自身的网络主导权,但从根本上损害了世界的和平与发展。

Weaponized economic interdependence has been an important issue of concern for both academic and policy circles in recent years.Weaponized economic interdependence is the process of exercising network power in the context of networked interdependence,where the initiating state aims to suppress or harm the target states.The majority of existing studies concentrate on the panopticon effect and the chokepoint effect of weaponized eco⁃nomic interdependence,a focus that is both simplistic and inadequate.This article,grounded in the theory of social networks,analyzes the formation of networked interdepend⁃ence and the emergence of network power,and then,taking the dominant power in the eco⁃nomic interdependence network as the research object,focuses on the mechanisms of weap⁃onized economic interdependence.The article argues that weaponized economic interde⁃pendence is an important tool to maintain dominance which is the core pursuit of the domi⁃nant power.There are three main mechanisms for the dominant power to weaponize econom⁃ic interdependence:locking,excluding and blocking,and threat cognition and the centrali⁃ty of the target state are the two core variables affecting the choice of weaponization mecha⁃nism of the dominant power.Through reviewing the strategic choice of the United States to maintain network dominance,this article specifically analyzes the different mechanisms of weaponized economic interdependence adopted by the United States against some East Asian states in the financial field,Russia in the energy field,and Iran.Although the weaponized economic interdependence by the United States has maintained its network dominance to a certain extent,it has fundamentally undermined world peace and development.