头颈部肉瘤的诊断与治疗现状

Diagnosis and treatment of head and neck sarcoma

肉瘤是一种低发型恶性肿瘤,头颈部肉瘤的发病率更低。由于肉瘤发生的概率较低且早期临床症状不明显,其诊断比较困难,需要综合临床症状及影像学、病理学、肿瘤标志物等进行诊断。当前肉瘤治疗的关键方法仍然是扩大切除。化疗、放疗、靶向及免疫治疗等可增强治疗效果或改善预后,新型生物标志物及光动力疗法等研究的进展能够对未来肉瘤的诊治提供更多手段。本文对目前头颈部肉瘤主流的诊治方法进行综述,并对未来诊治进行展望。

Sarcoma is a low-occurrence malignant tumor,head and neck sarcoma has a lower incidence rate.Due to the low probability of sarcoma and the lack of obvious early clinical symptoms,it is difficult to diagnose before treatment.Di-agnosis needs to integrate clinical symptoms and imaging,pathological findings,and tumor markers,etc.At present,the key technical point for treatment of sarcoma is still wide margin surgery.Chemotherapy,radiotherapy,targeted and im-munotherapy can enhance the treatment effect or improve the prognosis.Advances in research on new biomarkers and pho-todynamic therapy can provide more ways for the diagnosis and treatment of sarcomas in the future.The purpose of this ar-ticle is to briefly describe the current mainstream diagnosis and treatment methods for head and neck sarcomas and prospects for future diagnosis and treatment.