高速公路团雾驾驶员视错觉特性与行车安全研究综述

Review of Drivers' Optical Illusion Characteristics and Driving Safety in Mountain Highway Agglomerate Fogs

高速公路团雾路段行车安全问题一直是中国交通行业面临的难题。为提高团雾环境下的行车安全,明确团雾环境行车安全研究中的关键问题。综述中外团雾环境行车安全影响因素及研究进展。首先,阐述驾驶员的视觉特性,论述团雾感知下降会造成视错觉的原因,分析团雾出现前的“象鼻形”曲线,阐明团雾环境下人车路与交通安全之间的关系,最后归纳现阶段确保团雾路段行车安全采取的管控措施。结果表明:团雾环境下能见度的急剧下降,会严重影响驾驶员的感知,干扰驾驶员的视觉,并造成距离和速度错觉。为了提高团雾环境下的驾驶安全性,通过监控和预警系统提前使驾驶员提高警惕,并开发各种诱导设施,以加强视觉诱导。未来需从减少视错觉影响的角度研究复杂因素影响下的驾驶视觉需求。

Ensuring driving safety on agglomerate fog sections of mountain highways has been a persistent challenge for the Chinese transportation industry.To enhance driving safety in agglomerate fog environments by identifying key issues related to driving safety in such conditions.A summary of the influencing factors and research progress related to driving safety in agglomerate foggy environments was provided,both domestically and internationally.Firstly,the visual characteristics of drivers was examined and the causes of optical illusions caused by agglomerate fog was discussed.The“elephant trunk”curve was further analyzed that occured prior to the appearance of agglomerate fog.The relationship between human-vehicle roadway and traffic safety in an agglomerate fog environment was then clarified.Lastly,a summary of the current control measures implemented to ensure driving safety on group fog roadways was provided.The results show that the abrupt and significant reduction in visibility caused by agglomerate fog can lead to severe visual disruptions for drivers,resulting in illusions of distance and speed.In order to improve driving safety in agglomerate foggy environments,drivers are alerted through monitoring and warning systems.Additionally,a variety of inducement facilities are being developed to enhance visual entrainment.Future research is needed to study the visual demands of driving under the influence of complex factors from the perspective of reducing the impact of visual illusions.