爪式真空泵新型齿轮爪式转子及其力学性能研究

A New Type of Gear Claw Rotor of Claw Vacuum Pump and Its Mechanical Properties

爪式转子的型线设计是决定爪式真空泵性能的关键因素。齿轮爪式转子采用新型曲折型啮合结构,显著降低了传统曲爪转子存在的转子间泄漏,然而齿轮爪式转子型线上仍存在多个不光滑点,降低了力学性能。针对这一问题,文章提出了一种新型高密封椭圆弧型齿轮爪式转子,推导了该转子型线参数方程;分析了型线几何参数对爪泵相对余隙和容积利用率的影响,并与现有齿轮爪式转子进行对比;研究了新型转子的工作过程,对比分析了两种转子混合过程的余隙变化;对新型转子和现有齿轮爪式转子在工作过程中的应力和变形进行对比研究。研究结果表明:与现有齿轮爪式转子相比,新型转子的相对余隙减少10%以上,混合过程中的过压缩腔和膨胀腔减少,新型转子的吸气过程和混合过程中最大变形量分别减少10.11%和16.06%,极大改善了转子的性能。

The design of the claw rotor profile is the key factor in determining the performance of a claw vacuum pump.The gear claw rotors adopt a new type of tortuous meshing structure,which significantly reduces the leakage between the rotors of the traditional curved claw rotors.However,there are still many non-smooth points in the profiles,which reduces the mechanical properties.In order to solve the problem,this paper proposed a new high-sealed elliptical arc claw rotor,and the rotor profile equation was derived.The influence of the geometric parameters of the profile on the relative clearance and volume utilization of the claw pump was analyzed and compared with the gear claw rotor.The working process of the new rotor was studied,and the change of the clearance in the mixing process of the two rotors was compared and analyzed.The stress and deformation of the new rotor and the existing gear claw rotor in the working process were compared.The results show that compared with the existing gear claw rotor,the relative carryover of the new rotor is reduced by more than 10%,and the over-compression chambers and expansion chambers in the mixing process are reduced.The maximum deformation of the new rotor in the suction process and the mixing process is reduced by 10.11%and 16.06%,respectively,which greatly improves the performance of the claw rotors.