人工甜味剂对人体的影响及国内外标准现状探讨

Effect of Artificial Sweeteners on Human Body and Current Domestic and Foreign Standards on Artificial Sweeteners:A Review

近年来,随着全球肥胖率的显著上升,人们对人工甜味剂(artificial sweeteners,AS)等糖替代品的需求大幅上升,然而AS的安全性却始终存在争议。世界卫生组织和《自然》杂志的最新研究表明,长期摄入AS可能对身体健康产生负面影响。目前,各国对AS的使用标准存在差异,且长期摄入AS对身体健康的影响机制也尚未明确。因此,本文基于近年来的科研成果,聚焦AS对人体健康的影响以及国内外的标准现状进行了综述。文章详细介绍了AS与肠道微生物、肥胖和糖尿病、脂类代谢、心血管疾病和癌症之间的关系,并基于这项研究总结了目前国际食品法典委员会、美国、欧盟、日本和中国有关AS的标准现状,从而深入探讨了食品行业如何确定AS添加标准这一关键问题,以期为该领域的科学研究提供参考和借鉴。

In recent years,with the significant rise in global obesity rate,the demand for sugar substitutes such as artificial sweeteners(AS) has soared,but the safety of AS remains controversial.New research from the World Health Organization(WHO) and the journal Nature suggests that long-term consumption of AS may have negative health effects.Currently,the standards on the use of AS in different countries are different,and the mechanism of the health impact of long-term AS consumption is not clear.Therefore,based on recent research results related to AS,this review paper focuses on the human health effect of AS and the current domestic and foreign standards on AS.It elaborates on the relationship between AS and gut microbes,obesity and diabetes,lipid metabolism,cardiovascular disease and cancer,and summarizes the current Codex Alimentarius Commission(CAC),US,EU,Japanese and Chinese standards on AS.In addition,this paper also discusses the key issue of how to determine standards on AS addition in the food industry in order to provide a reference for future research in this field.