民航飞行员冒险倾向性人格量表的编制

Development of the Pilot's Risk-Taking Personality Scale

目的:编制适合我国民航飞行员的冒险倾向人格量表(RTPS),并检验其信效度。方法:通过文献分析和半结构式访谈构建理论结构和指标体系,编制初始量表。对试测的432名民航飞行员问卷数据进行统计分析,因子分析验证理论模型并确定RTPS正式量表。结果:RTPS共18个项目,包括(驾驶)感觉寻求、愤怒和敌意、攻击性、开放性4个因子,累计解释方差的62.36%。验证性因子分析表明,双因子结构更能解释问卷结构(χ^(2)/df=1.52,RMSEA=0.05,SRMR=0.05,TLI=0.96,CFI=0.97,IFI=0.94)。整体量表的Conbach’α系数为0.89。校标关联效度分析显示,飞行员冒险倾向与风险容忍呈显著正相关。结论:民航飞行员冒险倾向人格量表信效度良好,为识别、预测和评估飞行员的冒险倾向提供了可靠的测量工具。

Objective:To develop the Risk-Taking Personality Scale(RTPS)for Chinese pilots and test its reliability and validity.Methods:The theoretical structure and indicator system were determined through literature analysis and semi-structured interviews.The initial version of RTPS was formed.Statistical analysis was conducted on the questionnaire data of 432 civil aviation pilots,factor analysis was used to validate the theoretical model,and the official RTPS scale was determined.Results:PRTS contained 18 items,including four factors:(driving)sensation seeking,anger and hostility,aggression,and openness,which accounted for 62.36%variance.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the two-factor structure better explained the questionnaire structure(χ^(2)/df=1.52,RMSEA=0.05,SRMR=0.05,TLI=0.96,CFI=0.97,IFI=0.94).Conbach’αof the scale was 0.89.The criterion-related validity analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between RTPS and PRTS.Conclusion:The Risk-Taking Personality Scale has a fine reliability and validity,which provides a reliable measurement tool for identifying,predicting and evaluating pilots'risk-taking tendency.