影响城市交通发展的基础问题研究

Fundamental Issues Affecting Urban Transportation Development in China

中国城市的发展阶段和趋势特征与社会主义市场经济体制改革的进程息息相关,不同阶段经济社会、城乡建设、法律制度、行政管理、财税制度等各方面的变革都对城市交通发展产生深刻影响。因此,研究新时期城市交通的发展模式必须遵循国家政策和改革措施。通过梳理改革开放以来的变革进程,总结当前中国发展呈现的一系列阶段性新特征,包括社会主要矛盾转变为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾,经济体制改革强调推动有效市场和有为政府的更好结合,法律制度规定将城市交通问题的事权和财权划分为地方事务,城市发展进入区域化、数字化、低碳化发展新阶段等。基于这些特征,要求坚持城市政府的主体地位,以改革促进城市交通发展,支撑现代化都市圈培育,面向居民需求提升城市可持续发展能力和竞争力。

The stages and trend characteristics of urban development in China are closely related to the reform progress of the socialist market economy system.Transformations in various aspects,including the economy,society,urban-rural development,legal system,administrative management,and fiscal and taxation system at different stages have substantially impacted urban transportation development.Therefore,exploring the development model of urban transportation in the new era must follow national policies and reform measures.By examining the transformation process since the reform and opening-up in China,this paper summarizes the new periodical characteristics of China's current development.These characteristics include the shift of the principal society contradiction to the contradiction between people's growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development,the economic system reform with better integration of an effective market and a proactive government,the legal system classifying urban transportation issues as local affairs in terms of jurisdiction and property rights,and the urban development transitioning to new stages of regionalization,digitalization,and low-carbon development.Based on these characteristics,it is essential to uphold the primary role of urban governments,promote reform in urban transportation development,support the cultivation of modern metropolitan areas,and enhance urban sustainability and competitiveness to meet residents'needs.