单胃动物常量营养物质消化动力学特征的研究进展

Research Progress on Digestive Kinetics Characteristics ofMacronutrients in Monogastric Animals

现阶段,以数字化模型为代表的精准饲养技术逐渐成为畜牧业的主流技术之一。饲粮及饲料原料的消化动力学特征可从一定程度上多维、定量的反映饲料营养价值的潜力,可用于揭示消化进程中饲料营养成分构成与动物消化道内生理性变化之间的联系,并为精准饲养模型的建立提供动态参数。本文旨在分析影响常量营养物质的消化特性和消化动力学特征的因素,通过对常量营养物质酶促反应动力学、食糜转运动力学、食糜发酵动力学和可消化营养物质吸收动力学4个方面的研究进展进行综述,阐述目前单胃动物消化动力学研究的侧重角度以及亟待解决的问题,并对其在未来单胃动物精准饲养研究中的应用前景进行展望,以期为在单胃动物生产领域中实现精准营养调控和生产性能预测提供参考。

At present,the precision feeding technology represented by the digital model has gradually become one of the mainstream technologies in animal husbandry.The digestive kinetics characteristics of diet and raw materials can reflect the potential of feed nutrition value multidimensional and quantitatively to a certain extent,and can be used to reveal the relationship between the nutrient composition of feed and the endogenous rational changes of animal digestive tract during digestion,and provide dynamic parameters for the establishment of precise feeding models.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the factors affecting the digestive characteristics and digestive kinetics of macronutrients.By reviewing the research progress of macronutrient enzymatic reaction kinetics,chyme transport kinetics,chyme fermentation kinetics and digestible nutrient absorption kinetics,the focus of current research on digestive kinetics of monogastric animals and the problems to be solved are expounded.The application prospect of this method in the research of precision feeding of single stomach animals in the future was prospected,in order to provide reference for the realization of precision nutrition regulation and production performance prediction in the field of single stomach animal production.