胍基乙酸和酿酒酵母菌与纤维素酶复合物对肉羊生长性能、消化代谢、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响

Effects of Guanidine Acetic Acid,Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Cellulase Complex on Growth Performance,Digestion and Metabolism,Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality of Mutton Sheep

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加胍基乙酸(GAA)和酿酒酵母菌与纤维素酶复合物(SCC)对肉羊生长性能、消化代谢、屠宰性能、肉品质及经济效益的影响。采用3×2完全随机试验设计,设3个GAA添加水平(0、0.03%、0.06%,基于饲粮干物质重量)和2个SCC添加水平(0、0.01%,基于饲粮干物质重量)。选取断奶、去势的体重在(25.62±2.01)kg的特克塞尔羊与杜泊羊杂交公羊72只,随机分成6组,每组3个重复,每个重复4只羊。预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果显示:1)与未添加GAA和SCC相比,饲粮添加0.06%GAA或者0.01%SCC显著提高平均日增重(P<0.05),显著降低料重比(P<0.05);GAA和SCC的互作对平均日增重和料重比有显著影响(P<0.05)。2)与未添加GAA和SCC相比,饲粮添加0.06%GAA显著提高氮表观消化率和氮沉积率(P<0.05),显著降低粪氮(P<0.05);饲粮添加0.01%SCC显著提高氮、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率和氮沉积率(P<0.05),显著降低粪氮(P<0.05);GAA和SCC的互作对氮表观消化率、氮沉积率及粪氮有显著影响(P<0.05)。3)与未添加GAA和SCC相比,饲粮添加0.06%GAA显著提高胴体重和眼肌面积(P<0.05);饲粮添加0.01%SCC显著提高胴体重(P<0.05);GAA和SCC的互作对胴体重和眼肌面积均有显著影响(P<0.05)。4)与未添加GAA和SCC相比,饲粮添加0.06%GAA或者0.01%SCC显著提高脾脏指数(P<0.05);GAA和SCC的互作对各器官指数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。5)与未添加GAA和SCC相比,饲粮添加0.06%GAA显著提高背最长肌pH_(2)4 h、45 min亮度(L 45 min)值、24 h亮度(L 24 h)值(P<0.05),显著降低滴水损失(P<0.05);饲粮添加0.01%SCC显著提高背最长肌L 45 min值和L 24 h值(P<0.05);GAA和SCC的互作对背最长肌pH_(2)4 h、L 45 min值、L 24 h值和滴水损失有显著影响(P<0.05)。6)与未添加GAA和SCC相比,饲粮添加0.06%GAA或者0.01%SCC显著提高肌肉粗蛋白质含量(P<0.05);GAA和SCC的互作对肌肉粗蛋白质含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。7)饲粮添加0.06%GAA或者0.01%SCC及GAA和SCC的互作对添加剂成本、药成本和纯收入均有显著影响(P<0.05),以同时添加0.06%GAA和0.01%SCC时纯收入最高。综上所述,在本试验条件下,综合各方面性能考虑,饲粮中同时添加0.06%GAA和0.01%SCC能更有效提高肉羊的生长性能和屠宰性能,促进其生长发育,提高氮表观消化率,提高脾脏指数,改善肌肉品质,提高经济效益。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplemented with guanidine acetic acid(GAA),Saccharomyces cerevisiae and cellulase complex(SCC)on growth performance,digestion and metabolism,slaughter performance,meat quality and economic benefit of mutton sheep.A 3×2(GAA×SCC)completely randomized trial design was adopted with GAA supplemental levels of 0,0.03%and 0.06%and SCC supplemental levels of 0 and 0.01%based on dietary dry matter weight.Seventy-two weaned and castrated Texel×Dolper hybrid rams were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 4 sheep per replicate.After the pretest period of 7 days,it entered the trial period of 60 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with non-added GAA and SCC,dietary supplemented with 0.06%GAA or 0.01%SCC significantly increased the average daily gain(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the feed to gain ratio(P<0.05).GAA and SCC had significant interaction effects on the average daily gain and feed to gain ratio(P<0.05).2)Compared with non-added GAA and SCC,dietary supplemented with 0.06%GAA significantly increased the nitrogen apparent digestibility and nitrogen deposition rate(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the fecal nitrogen(P<0.05);dietary supplemented with 0.01%SCC significantly increased the apparent digestibility of nitrogen,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber and nitrogen deposition rate(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the fecal nitrogen(P<0.05).The interaction of GAA and SCC had significant effects on the nitrogen apparent digestibility,nitrogen deposition rate and fecal nitrogen(P<0.05).3)Compared with non-added GAA and SCC,dietary supplemented with 0.06%GAA significantly increased the carcass weight and eye muscle area(P<0.05),while dietary supplemented with 0.01%SCC only significantly increased the carcass weight(P<0.05).GAA and SCC had significant interaction effects on the carcass weight and eye muscle area(P<0.05).4)Compared with non-added GAA and SCC,dietary supplemented with 0.06%GAA or 0.01%SCC significantly increased the spleen index(P<0.05).GAA and SCC had no significant interaction effect on the organ indexes(P>0.05).5)Compared with non-added GAA and SCC,dietary supplemented with 0.06%GAA significantly increased the pH_(2)4 h,lightness for 45 min(L 45 min)value and lightness for 24 h(L 24 h)value of longissimus dorsi muscle(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the drip loss(P<0.05);dietary supplemented with 0.01%SCC significantly increased the L 45min value and L 24 h value of longissimus dorsi muscle(P<0.05).GAA and SCC had significant interaction effects on the pH_(2)4 h,L 45 min value,L 24 h value and drip loss(P<0.05).6)Compared with non-added GAA and SCC,dietary supplemented with 0.06%GAA or 0.01%SCC significantly increased the muscle crude protein content(P<0.05).GAA and SCC had a significant interaction effect on muscle crude protein content(P<0.05).7)Dietary supplemented with 0.06%GAA or 0.01%SCC and the interaction between GAA and SCC had significant effects on the additive cost,drug cost and net income(P<0.05),and the highest net income was found when both 0.06%GAA and 0.01%SCC were added.In conclusion,under the conditions of this experiment,considering all aspects of performance,dietary simultaneously supplemented with 0.06%GAA and 0.01%SCC can more effectively improve the growth and slaughter performance of mutton sheep,promote their growth and development,and improve the nitrogen apparent digestibility,spleen index,muscle quality and economic benefit.