磷石膏抹灰砂浆绿色建材研究

Study on green building materials of phosphogypsum plastering mortar

磷石膏是生产磷酸产生的固体废弃物,其堆存占用大量土地资源,磷石膏综合利用一直都是我国磷化工产业急需解决的难题。磷石膏砂浆吃渣利废,利用磷石膏凝结时间短、传热系数低、收缩率低等优点,在实现建筑绿色化的同时增加磷石膏的综合利用率。《抹灰石膏》(GB/T 28627—2012)未对其原材料石膏种类及石膏掺量作出明确规定,《磷石膏抹灰砂浆通用技术要求》(DB/T 1656—2022)明确其组成材料应以磷建筑石膏和/或α型高强磷石膏为胶凝材料,且磷石膏掺量(质量比)≥50%,地方标准的推广利用将显著提升磷石膏的综合利用量。对地方标准相关条款进行细致的解读,并在5个在建工地中抽取样品,进行了凝结时间、抗压强度、抗流挂性、拉伸粘结强度等项目检测,样品检测结果均符合地方标准要求,5个在建工地在分部分项验收中均满足验收要求。《磷石膏抹灰砂浆通用技术要求》(DB/T 1656—2022)对磷石膏抹灰砂浆产品的生产、使用和推广具有指导,有利于推进磷石膏绿色建筑的实施和“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的实现。

Phosphogypsum is a solid waste generated from the production of phosphoric acid,and its storage occupies a large amount of land resources.The comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum has always been an urgent problem to be solved in China's phosphorus chemical industry.Phosphogypsum mortar consumes slag and utilizes the advantages of short setting time,low heat transfer coefficient,and low shrinkage rate of phosphogypsum to increase the comprehensive utilization rate of phosphogypsum while achieving green construction.The national standard“Gypsum plastering”(GB/T 28627—2012)does not specify the types and amounts of gypsum used as raw materials.However,the local standard“General technical requirements for phosphogypsum plastering mortar”(DB/T 1656—2022)in Guizhou Province specifies that its constituent materials should be phosphogypsum and/orαHigh strength phosphogypsum is a cementitious material,and the content(mass ratio)of phosphogypsum is not less than 50%.The promotion and utilization of local standards will significantly improve the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum.The author provided a detailed interpretation of the relevant provisions of local standards and selected samples from 5 construction sites for testing such as setting time,compressive strength,flow resistance,and tensile bonding strength.The test results of the samples all met the requirements of local standards,and all 5 construction sites met the acceptance requirements in the sub item acceptance.The local standard“General Technical Requirements for Phosphogypsum Plastering Mortar”(DB/T 1656—2022)provides guidance for the production,use,and promotion of phosphogypsum plastering mortar products,which is conducive to promoting the implementation of phosphogypsum green buildings and achieving the goal of“carbon peak and carbon neutrality”.