中国式现代化的政治起源——从国共两党建立货币金融体系的经验看历史的分野

The Political Origin of Chinese-style Modernization: How Kuomingtang and the CPC Established Their Monetary and Financial Systems Differently in History

如果中国的现代化道路代表一种具有独特性的模式,那么它就既不能由中国在走上现代化道路之前的历史条件所解释,也不能由外来的现代化压力所解释,而必须由中国在外来压力之下的革命性转变和创造性反应来解释。本文通过对1927年—1949年期间国共两党各自建立现代货币金融体系的历史比较研究,证明中国自主的现代化过程起始于中共在抗日根据地阶段的“国家建设”,它塑造出既具有现代性又具有独特社会发展轨道的基本制度框架,使中华人民共和国成立后的经济发展能够沿着以工业化和科学技术进步为动力的方向延续至今。这个源头决定今天的中国要继续发展下去,就必须坚持独立自主的现代化道路。

If China's path to modernization represents a unique model, it can hardly be explained either by the historical conditions prior to China's embark on modernization, or by any external pressure, but must be explained by China's revolutionary transformation under and creative response to the external pressures. Through a comparative study of the establishment of the modern monetary and financial systems by the Kuomintang and the Communist Party respectively during the period from 1927 to 1949, this paper proves that the process of China's autonomous modernization began with the“state building ”of the CPC in the anti-Japanese revolutionary base areas, during which it created a basic institutional framework that was at once modern and socially and developmentally unique. As a result, the economic development after the founding of the People's Republic of China could continue in the direction of industrialization driven by scientific and technological progress. By tracking down this origin, we feel ascertained that if China today wants to continue to develop, it must adhere to the path of autonomous modernization.