内蒙古通辽市肉犊牛3种主要咳喘病病原感染调查

Investigation on Three Major Cough-asthma Pathogens in Calves in Tongliao City,Inner Mongolia

为了解通辽市犊牛咳喘病主要病原牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(IBRV)、牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)、多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pasteurella multocida,Pm)的感染情况,对7个旗县区213家养殖场户的产犊及咳喘发病情况进行了调查,采集400份咳喘犊牛血清样品进行了ELISA抗体检测。结果显示:犊牛咳喘病病原感染率为10.21%,IBRV、BVDV和Pm的抗体阳性率分别为26.50%、19.25%、33.50%;不同旗县区的IBRV、BVDV和Pm抗体阳性率分别为8.33%~41.79%、10.26%~32.26%和17.95%~46.77%;IBRV在秋、冬两季抗体阳性率较高,分别为32.22%和30.08%,BVDV在春、冬两季抗体阳性率较高,分别为19.72%和22.56%,Pm在秋、冬两季抗体阳性率较高,分别为36.67%和39.85%;单一感染率为41.00%,混合感染率为18.00%,其中二重感染率为15.75%,以IBRV+Pm混合感染为主,三重感染率为2.25%。结果表明:IBRV、BVDV、Pm是导致犊牛咳喘病的重要病原,其流行呈现地区和季节性差异。建议养殖场户根据本地区病原的流行情况和季节特征,对犊牛咳喘病进行科学合理防控。

In order to investigate the infection of major pathogens causing cough and asthma in calves in Tongliao City,including infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus(IBRV),bovine viral diarrhea virus(BVDV)and Pasteurella multocida(Pm),calves and the occurrence of cough and asthma in 213 farms/households in 7 banners(counties or regions)were investigated,400 serum samples from infected calves were detected by ELISA.The results showed that the infection rate of cough-asthma pathogens was 10.21%,and the antibody positivity rates of IBRV,BVDV and Pm were 26.50%,19.25%and 33.50%,respectively;and the rates were 8.33%-41.79%,10.26%-32.26%and 17.95%-46.77%,respectively in different banners(counties or regions);specifically,the antibody positivity rates of IBRV were high in falls and winters,32.22%and 30.08%,respectively,those of BVDV were high in springs and winters,19.72%and 22.56%,respectively,and those of Pm were high in falls and winters,36.67%and 39.85%,respectively;the single and mixed infection rates were 41.00%and 18.00%,respectively,in which the double infection rate was 15.75%,mainly contributed by IBRV+Pm,and the triple infection rate was 2.25%.In conclusion,IBRV,BVDV and Pm contributed to cough and asthma of calves as major pathogens,depending on regional and seasonal differences.Farms/households were recommended to scientifically and rationally prevent and control the disease based on local pathogen prevalence and seasonal characteristics.