两种进镜方法置入对可视喉镜下行气管插管的影响

Effects of two methods on tracheal intubation under video laryngoscope

目的探讨两种方法置入可视喉镜对气管插管成功率及术后咽部并发症的影响。方法选取美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,术前评估无困难气道,经口气管插管全身麻醉下行择期手术的患者80例,年龄18~65岁,身高、体质量不限。采用随机数字表法将患者分为经口正中置入喉镜组(M组)和经右侧嘴角置入喉镜组(C组),每组40例。观察两组患者喉镜暴露分级、口咽部黏膜出血情况、一次插管成功率及术后48h内咽部疼痛、声音嘶哑的发生情况;记录患者入室(T_(0))、麻醉给药结束(T_(1))、插管即刻(T_(2))、插管后1min(T_(3))、插管后3min(T_(4))的收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、心率(heart rate,HR)。结果T3时点M组的SBP低于C组(P<0.05);两组喉镜暴露分级比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。M组插管时间、口咽部黏膜出血发生例数以及48h内咽痛发生率少于C组(P<0.05),M组一次插管成功率高于C组(P<0.05)。结论经口正中置入可视喉镜可以减少口咽部黏膜出血,提高插管成功率,且术后咽部并发症发生率低。

Objective To explore the effects of two methods of video laryngoscope insertion on the success rate of tracheal intubation and postoperative pharyngeal complications.Methods We selected 80 elective surgerypatients with American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)classificationⅠtoⅡwho had no difficult airway in preoperative assessment under general anesthesia with orotracheal intubation.They were aged 18 to 65 years old and there were no restrictions on height and weight.The patients were randomly divided into a group with laryngoscope inserted through the middle of the mouth(group M)and a group with laryngoscope inserted through the right corner of the mouth(group C),with 40 cases in each group.Observe the laryngoscope exposure grading,oropharyngeal mucosal bleeding,first-time intubation success rate,and occurrence of pharyngeal pain and hoarseness within 48 hours after surgery in both groups;record the patients’systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),and heart rate(HR)among admission to the room(T_(0)),after giving anesthesia drugs(T_(1)),immediately after intubation(T_(2)),1 min after intubation(T_(3)),and 3 min after intubation(T_(4)).Results The SBP of group M was lower than that of group C at T3(P<0.05);There was no statistically significant difference in laryngoscope exposure grading between the two groups(P>0.05).The intubation time,oropharynx mucosal bleeding and the cases of sore throat within 48 hours of group M were less than those in group C(P<0.05).The success rate of primary intubation in group M was higher than that in group C(P<0.05).Conclusion Inserting a video laryngoscope through the middle of the mouth can reduce oropharyngeal mucosal bleeding,improve the success rate of intubation,and reduce the incidence of postoperative pharyngeal complications.