岩巷综掘面抽尘参数影响粉尘污染扩散规律研究

Study on the Influence of Dust Extraction Parameters on the Diffusion Law of Dust Pollution in the Fully Mechanized Excavation Face of Rock Roadways

抽尘系统是岩巷综掘面长压短抽通风方式中控除粉尘污染的重要组成部分,而确定适宜的抽尘参数是实现有效除尘的关键。利用Solidworks软件对某矿632岩巷综掘面进行了物理建模,并进行了ICEM-CFD网格划分,通过网格无关性检验确认了后续所用的网格模型,运用FLUENT计算流体力学软件对不同抽尘位置Dn(n分别为0、1/4、1/2、3/4、1)与抽风量(300~350 m^(3)/min)影响粉尘污染扩散状况进行了数值模拟,并通过仿真试验验证了数值模拟结果的准确性。结果表明:抽尘位置为D0、D1/4、D1/2、D3/4时,巷道内风流整体均处于较为紊乱的状态,粉尘污染经风流运载最终均扩散至整个巷道;抽尘位置为D1时,在抽风与压风协同作用下,距迎头4.6~6 m范围内形成了风向指向迎头、流动均匀且覆盖巷道全断面的有效控尘风幕,粉尘污染被风幕控制在掘进机司机与迎头之间的封闭空间内。抽风量在330 m^(3)/min及以上时,在司机处均形成了有效控尘风幕。为了在有效控尘的前提下尽可能降低能耗,最优抽风量选取最小值330 m^(3)/min。

The dust extraction system is an important component of controlling dust pollution in the long-pressure shortsuction ventilation method of the rock roadway fully mechanized excavation face,and the determination of appropriate dust extraction parameters is the key to achieving effective dust removal.The soft of Solidworks was used to establish physically model the 632 fully mechanized excavation face of a rock roadway in a certain mine,and ICEM-CFD mesh division was carried out.The subsequent mesh model was confirmed through grid independence testing.The computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT was used to numerically simulate the influence of different dust extraction positions Dn(n=0,1/4,1/2,3/4,1)and exhaust air rate(300~350 m^(3)/min)on the dust pollution diffusion.The accuracy of the numerical simulation results were verified through simulation experiments.The results show that when the dust extraction positions are D0,D1/4,D1/2,and D3/4,respectively,the overall airflow in the roadway is in a relatively chaotic state.The dust pollution transported by the airflow eventually diffuses to the entire roadway.When the dust extraction position is D1,with the combined action of exhaust and compressed air,an effective dust control wind curtain with wind direction pointing towards the roadway head,uniform flow,and covering the entire cross-section of the roadway is formed within a range of 4.6~6 m from the roadway head.Dust pollution is controlled by the air curtain in the enclosed space between the excavation machine driver and the roadway head.When the exhaust air rate are 330 m^(3)/min or above,an effective dust control air curtain is formed at the driver′s location.However,in order to minimize energy consumption while effectively controlling dust pollution,the optimal exhaust air rate is selected with the minimum value of 330 m^(3)/min.