露天矿全流程智能开采架构与关键技术研究

Study on the Whole Process Intelligent Mining Architecture and Key Technologies of Open-pit Mines

针对目前大型金属露天矿智能建设过程中存在的系统规划难、系统智能难和系统协同难三大难题,开展了大型金属露天矿全流程智能开采架构与关键技术研究及应用。基于大型金属露天矿智能安全开采的全工艺流程,构建了包括“三大平台、四大层次和四大板块”在内的大型金属露天矿智能矿山的总体架构,设计了穿孔、爆破、采装、运输和排卸五大生产工序全流程智能安全开采框架,提出了涵盖设备状态及运行环境智能感知、智能导航与设备行为规划和智能装备核心控制等在内的多环节、系列化的智能开采关键技术。研究成果成功应用于齐大山露天铁矿,分别以齐大山矿智能生产中的三维模拟仿真系统、智能指挥调度系统和钻机远程遥控系统为例进行了相关技术的阐述与应用效果分析。最终在齐大山矿实现了多场景、多环节、多工序的智能安全应用,形成了“全流程规划—多工序智能—多场景联动”的大型金属露天矿智能开采模式,解决了露天矿智能开采关键共性理论和技术难题,对我国露天矿智能化建设具有一定的参考意义。

In response to the three major difficulties in system planning,system intelligence,and system collaboration in the current intelligent construction process of large metal open-pit mines,study and application of the intelligent mining architecture and key technologies for the entire process of large metal open-pit mines have been carried out.Based on the entire process flow of intelligent and safe mining in large metal open-pit mines,an overall architecture of intelligent mining in large metal open-pit mines,including"three platforms,four levels,and four plates"was constructed.A full process intelligent and safe mining framework for five production processes,namely perforation,blasting,mining and loading,transportation,and unloading was designed,and the multi-link and serialized key technologies of intelligent mining,including intelligent perception of equipment status and operating environment,intelligent navigation and equipment behavior planning,and intelligent equipment core control are proposed.The study results have been successfully applied to Qidashan Open-pit Iron Mine,and relevant technologies have been demonstrated and applied using the 3D simulation system,intelligent command and dispatch system,and remote control system of drilling rigs in the intelligent production of Qidashan Mine as examples.In the end,intelligent safety applications with multiple scenarios,links,and processes were achieved in Qidashan Mine,forming a large-scale metal open-pit intelligent mining model of"full process planning,multiple operation intelligence and multi-scene linkage".This solves the key common theoretical and technical difficulties of intelligent open-pit mining,and has certain reference significance for the intelligent construction of open-pit mines in China.