生态产品供需的空间关联与匹配路径研究

Spatial Supply-Demand Relationships in Ecological Products and Matching Paths

生态产品的供给与需求在空间上具有不均质分布特征,供需空间错配是影响生态产品价值实现的关键问题。本文通过文献综述系统总结国内外生态系统服务供需及服务流的研究进展,梳理出生态产品供给、需求、服务流等基本概念内涵、量化方法,以及促进供需空间匹配和价值实现的策略设计等。为应对国内推进生态产品价值实现面临的现实困境,本文将生态产品空间关联特征纳入社会再生产过程,提出一个生态产品供需空间关联分析框架,在生产和消费环节强调刻画生态产品供需空间分布,识别供给主体和受益主体;在流通环节强调依据生态产品传输特征提高流通和供需对接效率;在分配环节强调优化分配制度设计,促进价值实现和共同富裕目标实现。以内蒙古为例,分析生态产品供需空间关联情况并提出相关政策建议。

The supply and demand of ecological products is spatially heterogeneous,and the spatial mismatch of supply and demand affects and realization of the value of ecological products.This study systematically reviews the literature of ecosystem services supply,demand and flows,and figure out the concepts,quantitative methods and related strategies design to promote supply-demand matching and value realization of ecological products.In order to cope with the realistic dilemma of promoting the value realization of ecological products in China,this study proposed a spatial relationships analysis framework,taking the spatial supply-demand characteristics of ecological products into account.In production and consumption part,mapping the supply and demand of ecological products and identifying the stakeholders is the most important.It is necessary to emphasize improving efficiency in transaction part.Value realization of ecological products and achievement of common prosperity through optimizing matching strategies in distribution part was stressed.Taking Inner Mongolia as a case,this study analyze the mismatches in the ecological products supply and demand and put forward relevant policy suggestions.