武汉市主城区建成环境对街道活力影响的时空特征----基于多尺度地理加权回归

Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of the Impact of Built Environment on Street Vitality in the Main Urban Area of Wuhan City:A Study Based on Multi-Scale Geographically Weighted Regression

探究建成环境对街道活力的影响效应是城市公共空间品质提升的关键。文章以武汉市主城区为例,首先基于人口热力数据测度多时段街道活力,其次利用街景数据、POI数据及OSM路网数据构建基于宏观街区构成和微观街道特质的多维度建成环境指标体系,最后引入多尺度地理加权回归模型探讨不同建成环境对街道活力影响的时空差异。结果表明:(1)时间上,武汉市主城区内中高活力街道在9:00-18:00间整体占比最多。空间上,街道活力在各时段整体呈“东核西带、多点聚集”分布。(2)基于宏观街区构成的二维建成环境对街道活力的影响整体较微观三维街道建成环境更为明显。(3)各建成环境要素对街道活力影响的时空异质性显著。距娱乐休闲设施最近距离和围合度对街道活力的影响整体具有稳健的时空变化特征,接近度、功能混合度、功能设施密度和天空开敞度次之,距综合商场最近距离、街道高宽比和交通安全设施占比则表现了明显的时空局部显著效应。

Exploring the impact of built environment on street vitality is the key to improving the quality of urban public space.This study takes the main urban area of Wuhan as an example.Firstly,it measures the vitality of streets in multiple time periods based on population thermal data.Secondly,it constructs a multi-dimensional built environment indicator system based on macro block composition and micro street characteristics using street view data,POI data,and osM road network data.Finally,a multi-scale geographically weighted regression model is introduced to explore the spatio-temporal differences in the impact of different built environments on street vitality.The results show that:(I)In terms of time,the proportion of medium and high vitality streets in the main urban area of Wuhan is the highest overall between 9:00 and 18:00.In terms of space,the vitality of the streets is generally distributed as"east core west belt,multi point aggregation"at each time period.(2)The overall impact of the two-dimensional built environment based on macro block composition on street vitality is more significant than the micro three-dimensional built environment of streets.(3)The spatio-temporal heterogeneity of the impact of various built environmental factors on street vitality is significant.The impact of the closest distance to entertainment facilities and the enclosure degree on street vitality has a robust spatio-temporal variation overall,followed by proximity,functional mix degree,functional facility density,and sky openness.The closest distance to the comprehensive shopping mall,street aspect ratio,and proportion of safety facilities indicate significant spatiotemporal and local effects.