复杂全球化场景中的社会个体身份认同变迁——兼谈非国家行为主体兴起时代的国家认同重塑

The Change of Social Individual Identity in the Context of Complex Globalization——Also on the Reconstruction of National Identity in the Era of the Rise of Non-state Entities

当前的全球化发展既有时间趋势上的“东升西降”“逆全球化”与“再全球化”并存,也有地理空间上的多主体与多中心的竞争,展现日益复杂的图景。这种态势不仅对民族国家构成挑战,还深刻影响社会个体的身份认同。随着超国家、跨国家和次国家政治集团、经济组织、文化团体在世界范围内的涌现,非国家行为主体也成为与国家争夺社会个体身份认同的重要力量。社会个体除被国家赋予的国民身份之外,还被超国家、跨国家和次国家行为主体赋予其他诸多身份。由此,个体身份认同出现从国家向超国家、跨国家、次国家等行为主体迁移扩散的趋势。为重塑社会个体的国家认同,民族国家需要进行全面自我审视调整,从经济、政治和文化等方面进行主体性建设,在增强综合国力的同时巩固国家认同基础,以便在复杂全球化场景中保持自身对社会个体的权威性和影响力。

The current development of globalization is characterized by the coexistence of"east rising and west falling","anti-globalization"and"re-globalization"in terms of time trends,as well as the competition between multiple entities and centers in terms of geographic space,showing an increasingly complex picture.It not only poses a challenge to nation states but also a great impact on social individual identity.With the emergence of supranational,transnational and sub-national political,economic and cultural groups around the world,non-state entities have become an important force competing with the states for social individual identity.In addition to the national identity conferred by the state,individuals are also given many other identities by the supranational,transnational and sub-national entities and,as a result,there is a tendency for individual identities to migrate from the state to the entities.To reshape the national identity of individuals and maintain its authority and influence over individuals in the complex globalization situation,the nation state needs to make comprehensive self-examination and adjustments,construct the subjectivity from economic,political and cultural aspects,and consolidate the national identity foundation while enhancing comprehensive national power.