统一大市场建设中的分工与协调:对东北经济的思考

Division of Labor and Coordination in the Building of a Unified Market:Reflections on the Economy of Northeast China

发挥各地比较优势是促进区域间良性竞争和合作、构建中国区域经济新格局的关键。在全国统一大市场的视角下,东北地区经济发展不仅要以本地经济增长为衡量标准,而且应以提升全局资源空间配置效率为主要目标。结合区域经济理论和东北振兴实践,本文从比较优势的视角分析区域经济发展问题,认为发挥地区比较优势是实现区域分工协作的理论依据,而生产要素合理流动是发挥地区比较优势的前提条件。进一步地,通过从国际贸易和国内市场两大维度分析东北地区比较优势的动态演变历程,提出统一大市场建设下区域分工和区域协调并重的东北地区经济发展路径。具体来说:要充分利用东北地区在国际市场分工中的区位优势,提高对外开放合作水平;充分发挥东北地区在国内市场分工中的重要战略作用,融入全国统一大市场,积极发展现代化大农业、推动传统产业向现代产业转型和培育新质生产力、发展特色旅游业;打破要素流动配置的体制机制壁垒,畅通国内要素市场大循环。

Leveraging the comparative advantages of different regions is the key to promoting the healthy competition and cooperation among regions and building a new pattern of China's regional economy.From the perspective of a unified national market,the economic development of northeast China should not only be measured by local economic growth but also take improving the efficiency of global resource allocation as the main goal.According the theory of regional economic development and the practice of revitalization of northeast China,this article analyzes regional economic development from the perspective of comparative advantage.We believe that exploiting regional comparative advantage is the theoretical basis for realizing regional division of labor and cooperation and the reasonable flow of factors of production is the prerequisite for giving play to the role of regional comparative advantages.Furthermore,this article analyzes the dynamic evolution of comparative advantages in northeast China from international trade and domestic market.An economic development path for northeast China that emphasizes both regional division of labor and regional coordination in the context of building a unified market is proposed.Specifically,it is necessary to fully utilize the location advantage of northeast China in the division of labor of the international market and improve the opening and cooperation.Considering the strategic role of northeast China in the division of labor of the domestic market,this region should be integrated into the unified national market.Active measures should be taken to promote the development of modern agriculture,promote the transformation of conventional industries into modern industries,cultivate new quality productive forces,and develop characteristic tourism industry.The system barriers of factor flow and allocation should be broken to smooth the circulation of factors in the domestic market.