海南陵水潟湖典型持久性有机污染物的赋存、来源及生态风险

Occurrence,sources and ecological risk of typical persistent organic pollutants in tropical coastal lagoons

潟湖是天然的养殖场,具有保护海岸、防风避浪等生态功能,但区域内人类活动产生的污染物可能会对环境产生健康威胁,因此,开展污染物赋存研究是维护潟湖生态平衡和保护渔业资源的重要举措。本研究运用高通量分析技术对海南陵水潟湖表层水中典型持久性有机污染物(POPs)赋存状况进行分析,结合人类活动及潟湖环境特征探讨了表层水中多环芳烃(PAHs)、有机氯农药(OCPs)和多氯联苯(PCBs)的来源及生态风险。结果显示,陵水潟湖表层水体中ΣPAHs浓度范围为12.19~291.07 ng/L,ΣOCPs浓度范围为17.40~80.79 ng/L,ΣPCBs浓度范围为0.49~2.74 ng/L。ΣPAHs和ΣOCPs受人为活动干扰强烈,浓度呈现沿岸高于潟湖内部的分布趋势。表层水体中PAHs以低环为主(94%),主要来源为燃烧源;OCPs以六氯环己烷(HCHs)为主(42%),提示近期可能存在林丹的输入;PCBs以二氯联苯(37%)为主,可能来源于大气干湿沉降和非故意人为活动。风险熵结果显示,调查区域存在一定的生态风险,PCB206为主要生态风险单体。

The lagoon serves as a natural breeding ground with ecological functions such as coastal protection and storm shelter.However,pollutants generated by human activities in the region may pose health threats to the environment.Therefore,conducting a study on the presence of pollutants is a crucial measure to maintain ecological balance in the lagoon and protect its fishery resources.The occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),organochlorine pesticides(OCPs),and polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)was analyzed by using high throughput analytical technique.The results show that the concentrations ofΣPAHs,ΣOCPs,andΣPCBs are in the range of 12.19-291.07 ng/L,17.40-80.79 ng/L and 0.49-2.74 ng/L in Lingshui Lagoon.BothΣPAHs andΣOCPs are significantly influenced by human activities,with higher concentrations observed in the coastal areas compared to the lagoon interior.In the surface water,PAHs are primarily dominated by low molecular weight compounds(94%).OCPs are predominantly composed of hexachlorocyclohexanes(HCHs)(42%),primarily derived from the input of lindane.PCBs are primarily composed of dichlorobiphenyls(37%),possibly originating from atmospheric deposition and unintentional human activities.The results of risk entropy analysis indicate that the surveyed area possesses a certain level of ecological risk,with PCB206 being the primary ecological risk component.