用于微量生物样本检测的显微动态光散射系统研制

Development of a microscopic dynamic light scattering system for the detection of minute biological samples

针对微量生物样品的粒径检测需求,提出了一种显微动态光散射测量系统。传统的动态光散射技术在微量生物样品检测中通常需要毫升级别的样品,这种大量样品消耗不适用于微量生物样品的检测。为解决这一问题,设计了一套融合普通显微镜和动态光散射技术的显微动态光散射系统。通过整合这两种技术,文章成功将测量样品的用量降低到几十微升的水平,实现了两个数量级的提升,从而显著减少了样品的消耗,满足了实验室对微量生物样品检测的需求。为验证该系统的可行性,对不同材质和尺寸的纳米颗粒以及生物外泌体样本进行了评估。实验结果显示,针对60nm的聚苯乙烯微球颗粒和208.6nm的外泌体颗粒的测量尺寸误差分别为1.5%和-3.4%,与实际尺寸吻合良好,证明了该系统在实际应用中的可行性。

A microscopic dynamic light scattering measurement system is proposed to meet the demands of detecting the particle size of minute biological samples.Traditional dynamic light scattering techniques typically require samples at the milliliter level,making them unsuitable for detecting minute biological samples.To address this issue,a microscopic dynamic light scattering system was designed that integrates conventional microscopy and dynamic light scattering technologies.By combining these two techniques,the sample volume was successfully reduced to tens of microliters,achieving a two-order-of-magnitude improvement and significantly reducing sample consumption,thus meeting the laboratory's requirements for trace biological detection.To validate the feasibility of the system,different materials and sizes of nanoparticles as well as biological extracellular vesicle samples were evaluated.The experimental results showed that the measurement size errors for polystyrene microspheres particles at 60nm and exosomes particles at 208.6nm were 1.5%and-3.4%,respectively,which were in good agreement with the actual size,confirming the practicality of the system in practical applications.