双碳目标下环境保护税对企业绿色技术创新的影响研究——基于A股上市公司实证数据

Research on the Impact of Environmental Protection Tax on Enterprises'Green Technology Innovation under the Double Carbon Goal——Based on Empirical Data of A-share Listed Companies

绿色技术创新是促进经济可持续发展和助力碳达峰碳中和的重要途径。环境保护税作为环境规制的重要工具,对于提升企业绿色技术创新起到重要作用。本文采用2014-2022年A股上市公司面板数据,并构建双重差分模型实证检验我国环境保护税对企业绿色技术创新的影响效应。研究发现:环境保护税对重污染上市公司的绿色技术创新水平有显著促进作用;对以绿色实用新型专利为表征的绿色技术创新数量有显著促进作用,但对于以绿色发明专利为表征的绿色技术创新质量促进作用不显著。考察公司异质性发现环境保护税主要激励了国有性质、大规模公司的绿色技术创新。环境保护税可以通过促进公司加大在研发方面的投入来提升自身绿色技术创新水平。相关研究能够为政府部门制定相关政策提供理论参考。

Green technological innovation is an important way to promote sustainable economic development and to contribute to carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.Environmental protection tax,as an important tool of environmental regulation,plays an important role in enhancing green innovation of enterprises.This paper adopts the panel data of A-share listed companies from 2014 to 2022 and constructs difference-in-difference model to empirically test the effect of China's environmental protection tax on corporate green technology innovation.It is found that environmental protection tax has a significant contribution to the level of green technology innovation of heavily polluting listed companies;it has a significant promotion effect on the quantity of green technological innovation characterized by green utility model patents,but has a non-significant promotion effect on the quality of green technological innovation characterized by green invention patents.Examining the heterogeneity of firms,it is found that environmental protection tax mainly incentivizes the green technology innovation of state-owned and large-scale firms.Secondly,the environmental protection tax can enhance the level of green technological innovation by encouraging companies to increase their investment in R&D.The relevant research can provide theoretical reference for government departments to formulate relevant policies.