“系统-赋权”视角下退捕渔民的主观幸福感一一基于长江安徽段的实证研究

The subjective well-being of retired fishermen from the perspective of systemempowerment:an empirical study conducted in the Anhui region of the Yangtze River

长江十年禁渔是落实“共抓大保护、不搞大开发”的重要举措,退捕渔民是长江禁捕安置保障政策的对象。本文以长江安徽段退捕渔民为例,运用扎根编码判别主观幸福感的影响因素,基于“系统一赋权”框架构建退捕渔民主观幸福感的影响机制。研究发现:(1)退捕渔民主观幸福感的影响因素主要包括社会支持与心理资本,心理资本在社会支持与主观幸福感间具有中介作用;(2)社会支持对主观幸福感的影响机制从系统作用层面和内部影响层面出发,由社会支持供给系统与感知系统组成。退捕渔民安置保障工作是一项长期、艰难、复杂的工作,要“内外兼顾、推拉齐下”,外部多方系统增援社会支持形成拉力,内部内生性能力提升心理资本形成推力,才能使退捕渔民在追求幸福的大道上顺畅可行。

The ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River is a crucial measure for implementing the policy of"joint fishing and protection,no large-scale development".Retired fishermen are the target population for resettlement and security measures in the Yangtze River.This study takes retired fishermen from the Anhui region of the Yangtze River as an example,utilizes rooted coding to identify factors influencing subjective well-being,and establishes an influential mechanism based on the"system-empowerment"framework.The findings are as follows:(1)social support and psychological capital are key factors affecting retired fishermen's subjective well-being,with psychological capital acting as an intermediary between social support and subjective well-being;(2)the influence mechanism of social support on subjective well-being consists of both a social support supply system and a perception system,operating at both systemic functional level and internal influence level.Resettlement and security efforts for retired fishermen represent long-term,challenging,and complex work that requires comprehensive consideration from external parties to reinforce social support systems while simultaneously enhancing internal endogenous abilities to improve psychological capital.This approach will facilitate smooth progress towards happiness among retired fishermen.