高速铁路大跨度特殊结构桥梁检定评估发展现状与展望

Development Status and Prospect of High Speed Railway Large-span Special Structure Bridge Evaluation

高速铁路桥梁占线路里程比例近半,为跨越障碍专门设计、建造的特殊结构桥梁数量逐渐增多。随着运营时间的增加,如何检测评估大跨度特殊结构桥梁技术状态成为设备管养单位的技术难题。本文通过调研高速铁路大跨度特殊结构桥梁检定评估时面临的问题,结合开通运营前及运营期发现的典型缺陷及病害,在分析高速铁路桥梁结构及服役特点的基础上,开展运营高速铁路大跨度特殊结构桥梁检定评估技术研究,提出适用于高速铁路大跨度特殊结构桥梁的检测技术、检定评估模式以及检定评估内容。项目实践及专家研讨结果表明,高速铁路大跨度特殊结构桥梁检定评估工作宜以动载测试为主、静载测试为辅,以结构变形测试为主、应力测试为辅,以控制杆件和构造的局部测试为主、整体性能测试为辅,可根据其结构特点对关键构造及易损部位开展专项测试。

High speed railway bridges account for nearly half of the total route length,and the number of special structure bridges specifically designed and built to overcome obstacles is gradually increasing.With the gradual increase of operation time,how to detect and evaluate the technical status of large-span special structural bridges has become a technical problem for equipment management units.By investigating the problems faced in the verification and evaluation of large-span special structural bridges of high speed railway,combined with the typical defects and diseases found before and during operation,and on the basis of analyzing the structure and service characteristics of high speed railway bridges,this paper carried out the research on the verification and evaluation technology of large-span special structural bridges of high speed railway in operation.The detection technology,verification and evaluation model and evaluation content of large-span special structural bridges for high speed railway were proposed.The results of project practice and expert discussion show that the verification and evaluation of large-span special structure bridges on highspeed railways should be mainly based on dynamic load testing,supplemented by static load testing,mainly based on structural deformation testing,supplemented by stress testing,and mainly based on local testing of control members and structures,supplemented by overall performance testing.Special tests can be carried out on key structures and vulnerable parts according to their structural characteristics.