IL-22在肠道屏障维护及相关疾病中的作用机制研究进展

Research progress on the role of IL-22 in intestinal barrier maintenance and related diseases

肠道屏障是一个复杂的系统,它在维持生理平衡和抵御外源性病原体方面起着关键作用。近年来,大量研究集中于细胞因子在维持肠道屏障稳态中的作用,尤其是白细胞介素(IL)-22得到了广泛关注。IL-22主要由Th17细胞、γδT细胞和固有淋巴细胞等免疫细胞分泌,对于促进肠道上皮细胞增殖、维护结构完整性及调控黏膜抗菌防御都至关重要。肠道屏障功能障碍与肠漏综合征相关疾病(如炎症性肠病、肠易激综合征及酒精性肝病等)的发展密切相关。这类疾病通常涉及肠道通透性的增加,有害物质通过肠上皮进入血液,进而影响多个器官和系统,尤其是消化系统。IL-22与肠道微生物群之间的互动是当前研究的热点。该综述旨在概述IL-22在肠道屏障功能中的最新研究进展,并探讨IL-22在调节肠漏综合征相关消化系统疾病中的作用及其机制。

The intestinal barrier is a complex system that plays a crucial role in maintaining physiological balance and resisting the invasion of exogenous pathogens.In recent years,a large amount of research has focused on the role of cytokines in maintaining intestinal barrier homeostasis,especially interleukin(IL)-22,which has received widespread attention.IL-22 is mainly secreted by immune cells such as Th17 cells,γδT cells,and innate lymphoid cells,and is central in promoting the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells,maintaining their integrity,and regulating mucosal antimicrobial defense.Dysfunction of the intestinal barrier is closely related to the development of leaky gut-related diseases,such as inflammatory bowel disease,irritable bowel syndrome,alcoholic liver disease,and so on.These diseases usually involve an increase in intestinal permeability,allowing harmful substances to enter the bloodstream through the intestinal epithelium and affect multiple organs and systems,especially the digestive system.Notably,the interaction of IL-22 with the gut microbiota has become a current research hotspot.This article aims to review the recent research progress on the role of IL-22 in intestinal barrier function and explore the mechanisms of IL-22 in regulating leaky gut-related digestive system diseases.