不同农作物秸秆对肉牛生长性能、营养物质消化率和经济效益的影响

Effects of different crop straws on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and economic benefit of beef cattle

文章旨在探究不同农作物秸秆对肉牛生长性能、营养物质消化率和经济效益的影响。试验将60头日龄相近、(276.74±18.93)kg的健康西门塔尔杂交肉公牛分为4组,每组15头。分别添加5%的小麦、玉米、水稻和大蒜秸秆为试验日粮,试验为期135 d,预饲期15 d,正试期120 d。结果表明,与小麦、玉米和水稻秸秆组相比,大蒜秸秆组肉牛平均日增重分别显著提高6.28%、9.83%和6.97%(P<0.05);大蒜秸秆组肉牛料肉比分别显著降低6.00%、8.47%和6.99%(P<0.05)。与小麦、玉米和水稻秸秆组相比,大蒜秸秆组肉牛粗蛋白表观消化率分别显著提高3.94%、6.78%和5.42%(P<0.05);与小麦、玉米秸秆组相比,水稻秸秆组肉牛粗蛋白表观消化率分别显著提高9.48%和9.18%(P<0.05);与小麦、玉米秸秆组相比,大蒜秸秆组肉牛粗蛋白表观消化率分别显著提高11.29%和10.99%(P<0.05)。各组日粮价格分别为2.1320、2.1292、2.1321和2.1361元/kg,在采食量无显著差异的前提下(P>0.05);各组饲料成本分别为2399.78、2381.30、2410.13和2401.83元;在肉牛价格一致的前提下,综合计算本试验各组毛利润分别为2471.93、2333.26、2461.59和2784.19元(P<0.05)。结论:大蒜秸秆能促进肉牛对干物质和粗蛋白的消化吸收,以提高其生长性能,并增加毛利润。

To explore the effects of different crop straws on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and economic benefits of beef cattle.Sixty healthy Simmental crossbred meat bulls of similar age and body weight(276.74±18.93)kg were divided into four groups,with one group for every 15.The experiment diet was supplemented with 5%wheat,corn,rice and garlic straw,respectively.The experiment lasted for 135 days,the pre-test period was 15 days,and the experimental diet was 120 days.The results showed that compared with wheat,corn and rice straw groups,the average daily gain of beef cattle in garlic straw group was significantly increased by 6.28%,9.83%and 6.97%,respectively(P<0.05).The feed/meat ratio of beef cattle in garlic straw group was significantly decreased by 6.00%,8.47%and 6.99%,respectively(P>0.05).Compared with wheat,corn and rice straw groups,the apparent digestibility of beef crude protein in garlic straw group was significantly increased by 3.94%,6.78%and 5.42%(P<0.05),respectively.Compared with wheat and corn straw groups,the apparent digestibility of beef crude protein in rice straw group was significantly increased by 9.48%and 9.18%(P<0.05),respectively.Compared with wheat and corn straw groups,the apparent digestibility of beef crude protein in garlic straw group was significantly increased by 11.29%and 10.99%(P<0.05),respectively.The dietary prices of all groups were 2.1320,2.1292,2.1321 and 2.1361 yuan/kg,respectively,with no significant difference in feed intake(P>0.05).The feed costs of each group were 2399.78,2381.30,2410.13 and 2401.83 yuan,respectively.Under the premise of consistent beef cattle prices,the gross profit of each group in this experiment was calculated as 2471.93,2333.26,2461.59 and 2784.19 yuan(P<0.05),respectively.(Conclusion)Garlic straw can promote the digestion and absorption of dry matter and crude protein in beef cattle to improve their growth performance and increase gross profit.