玄应《一切经音义》征引郭璞《尔雅注》探析

Analysis on Guo Pu’s Erya Zhu(《尔雅注》)Cited in Xuan Ying’s Yiqiejing Yinyi(《一切经音义》)

玄应《一切经音义》是现存最早的佛家音义书,首开用儒家典籍释读佛经之先河,征引典籍二百多种,其中,征引《尔雅》近700例,征引郭璞注200余例,是记载《尔雅》中古流传研究的重要文献。对《一切经音义》征引郭璞《尔雅注》进行研究,具有一定的学术价值。通过与宋监本郭注比较,并参考原本《玉篇(残卷)》、《五经正义》、《倭名类聚抄》征引郭注及敦煌、吐鲁番出土郭注,可以发现,《一切经音义》征引郭璞注并非一成不变,照抄照搬,更多地是根据被训词注释需要,对郭璞注文作了一些调整,如改变训诂术语、表述方式,删节、增改、变换郭璞注文,还有7例不见于郭注。通过这一个案探讨,不仅有助于对郭璞注本流传、辑佚、校勘、异文的研究,而且就如何看待、利用征引文献等问题也具有重要的意义。

Yiqiejing Yinyi(《一切经音义》)is the earliest Buddhist dictionary extant today.Xuan Ying was the first to use Confucian classics to interpret Buddhist scriptures.He cited over 200 classic books,including nearly 700 examples of citing the Erya(《尔雅》)and over 200 examples of citing Guo Pu’s Erya Zhu(《尔雅注》).Yiqiejing Yinyi(《一切经音义》)is an important document for the study of the transmission of the Erya(《尔雅》)in the Middle Ages.And the study on Guo Pu’s Erya Zhu(《尔雅注》)cited in Xuan Ying’s Yiqiejing Yinyi(《一切经音义》)has certain scholarly value.By comparing it with the Song Jian Ben Guo Zhu(宋监本郭注)and referring to Yuanben Yupian(《原本玉篇》),Wujing Zhengyi(《五经正义》),Wamyōruiju shō(《倭名类聚抄》),the Dunhuang and Turfan excavations,we find that Yinyi’s citations of Guo Pu’s Erya Zhu(《尔雅注》)are not fixed,but rather adjusted according to the needs of the words being explained.This includes changing the exegesis terms,the way of expression and deleting,adding Guo Pu’s Erya Zhu(《尔雅注》).In addition,seven examples that are not found in Guo’s annotations.Studying these phenomena is not only helpful to the research of Guo Pu’s annotations in circulation,collation,rectification,variant readings,but also has important significance on how to treat and utilize the cited documents.