新生儿脐部感染原因及护理要点分析

Analysis of the Causes and Nursing Points of Umbilical Infection in Newborns

目的分析新生儿出现脐部感染的原因,比较不同护理措施的应用效果。方法将2017年1月至2018年12月莆田市第一医院新生儿科收治的60例新生儿列为研究对象,将其划分对照组与观察组两组,分组依据为新生儿脐部不同的护理方法,每组分配新生儿30例。对照组新生儿均在分娩后实施常规脐部护理。观察组新生儿均开展系统的新生儿脐部感染原因分析,围绕分析结果,制订针对性的护理方案并予以实施。不同护理措施实施完毕后,观察、评估两组新生儿的脐部情况,统计出现脐部感染的例数,计算发生率。向新生儿的家属发放新生儿科自制问卷,调查其对本组护理工作的满意度。结果护理后,观察组新生儿出现脐部感染的感染率为3.33%(1/30),明显低于对照组的26.67%(8/30)(χ^(2)=4.706,P=0.030)。观察组新生儿家属临床护理满意度得分高于对照组[(96.35±6.23)分vs.(90.15±2.37)分,t=5.095,P<0.001]。结论引起新生儿脐部感染的原因十分复杂,临床应注意做好对相关原因的分析,制订并实施针对性的护理措施,以有效控制新生儿脐部感染的出现。

Objective To analyze the causes of umbilical infection in newborns,compare the application effects of different nursing measures.Methods A total of 60 cases of newborns admitted to the neonatology department of the First Hospital of Putian City from January 2017 to December 2018 were included as research subjects,and they were divided into two groups,the control group and the observation group,and the grouping was based on the different methods of umbilical cord care for newborns,with 30 newborns assigned to each group.In the control group,routine umbilical care was implemented after delivery.The newborns in the observation group were systematically analyzed for the causes of neonatal umbilical infections,and targeted care programs were formulated and implemented around the results of the analysis.After the implementation of different nursing measures,the umbilical conditions of the newborns in the two groups were observed and evaluated,and the number of cases of umbilical infection was counted and the incidence rate was calculated.The families of the newborns were given a selfadministered questionnaire from the neonatology department to investigate their satisfaction with the nursing care in this group.Results After care,the infection rate of newborns in the observation group who developed umbilical infection was 3.33%(1/30),which was significantly lower than that of the control group,which was 26.67%(8/30)(χ^(2)=4.706,P=0.030).The clinical care satisfaction score of the families of newborns in the observation group was higher than that of the control group[(96.35±6.23)points vs.(90.15±2.37)points,t=5.095,P<0.001].Conclusions The causes of neonatal umbilical infection are very complex,and clinical attention should be paid to analyzing the relevant reasons,developing and implementing targeted nursing measures to effectively control the occurrence of neonatal umbilical infection.