新疆智能水肥一体化应用现状及前景

Current situation and prospect of integrated application of intelligent water and fertilizer in Xinjiang

新疆是我国处于半干旱地区的农业大省,农业生产存在农业水肥利用率偏低的问题。为提高新疆地区的水肥综合利用率,引入并推广了智能水肥一体化灌溉技术,该技术借助压力系统将可溶性固体或液体肥料根据作物生长需肥规律与灌溉水配兑成肥水提供给作物。此外,智能水肥一体化技术还可对农作物进行实时监控,根据作物-土壤检测数据确定作物高效灌溉施肥综合性合理化的方案,保证农作物生长需求。目前新疆地区推广采用智能水肥一体化技术的农田约20万hm^(2),每年节省约1.9亿元。为进一步扩大水肥一体化技术的应用面积,需要加大技术推广力度、增强政策支撑、加强技术培训以及完善技术模式,从而促进新疆农业质量及产量的提升。

Xinjiang is a large agricultural province in the semi-arid region of China.There is a problem oflow utilization rate of agricultural water and fertilizer in agricultural production.In order to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of water and fertilizer in Xinjiang,the intelligent integrated irrigation technology of water and fertilizer is introduced and promoted.This technology uses pressure system to mix soluble solid or liquid fertilizer with rrigation water to provide fertilizer water to crops according to the law of crop growth and fertilizer demand.It is a new type of water-saving,fertilizing-saving,labor-saving and efficient fertilization technology.In addition,intelligent water and fertilizer integration technology can also provide real-time monitoring of crops,and determine comprehensive and rational suggestions for eficient crop irrigation and fertilization according to crop-soil detection data to ensure crop growth needs.At present,about 200,000 hm^(2) of farmland in Xinjiang has been promoted using intelligent water and fertilizerintegration technology,saving about 190 million yuan every year.In order to further expand the application areas of water and fertilizer integration technology,it is necessary to increase the technical promotion,enhance the policy support,strengthen the technical training and improve the technical model,so as to promote the improvement of agricultural quality and yield in Xinjiang.