环境影响评价支持美丽中国建设的体系和路径研究

Research on the System and Path of Environmental Impact Assessment to Promote the Construction of a Beautiful China

我国环境影响评价(以下简称“环评”)制度发展至今已有40多年,其内涵和外延不断丰富。广义的环评体系包括生态环境分区管控、政策环评、战略环评、规划环评、项目环评和区域评估。各项制度既有侧重,又有共性,形成了完整的环评制度体系,共同构建了源头预防体系的基础性和主体性制度,是全面推进美丽中国建设的重要保障体系之一,对协调经济发展和生态环境保护发挥了重要作用。对照建设美丽中国的6方面23项任务要求,根据环评各项制度的定位与重点,研究形成支持美丽中国建设的环评制度体系和实施路径,并提出完善环评源头预防体系和强化环评体系技术支持的建议。

The development of China′s Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA)system has been more than 40 years,and its connotation and extension have been continuously enriched.The broad EIA includes ecological environment zoning control,policy environmental impact assessment,strategic environmental impact assessment,planning environmental impact assessment,project environmental impact assessment and regional assessment.Each system has both emphasis and commonality,forming a complete EIA system and jointly constructing the foundation and main body of the source prevention system.It is one of the important guarantee systems for comprehensively promoting the construction of a beautiful China.It has played an important role in coordinating economic development and ecological environment protection.This article compares the 6 aspects and 23 tasks requirements of building a beautiful China,and based on the positioning and focus of various EIA systems,researches and forms an EIA system and implementation path to support the construction of a beautiful China.It also proposes suggestions on improving the EIA source prevention system and strengthening technical support for the EIA system.